Abstract
Active power and frequency control reflecting the stability of network operation is referred to as load frequency control (LFC). The area control error (ACE) is a combinatorial model between the tie-line in the interconnected system and its frequency deviations. The ACE is forced to be close to zero to achieve generation and load balance in network control and network balancing. The present research proposes introducing an energy storage system (ESS) in the control loop to regulate the frequency when the network is under an unstable condition or where the average frequency between the different areas connected is different to zero. The proposed method is developed to coordinate the different modes (charging and discharging) of the storage system. The storage parameters are unknown constants and are calculated online with a modified heuristic and directional derivative objective. The system consists of two tie-lines connected between the two areas, and each one is made up of a synchronous generator, renewable energy sources, ESS and load. The optimal frequency deviation in the areas and tie problem was modelled into a control problem and solved using the MPC. The dynamic model of ESS was modelled as a control bahaviour to inject energy at any time of the control horizon to balance the electrical network. Modified control of the ESS by a new approach used to estimate uncertainties parameters of the interconnected system. The effectiveness of the frequency control strategies is measured through simulation assessment.
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