Abstract
Cruise control when driving downhill is one of the most important functions of commercial vehicles equipped with an auxiliary brake system. A genetic fuzzy immune PID algorithm is proposed to achieve a constant speed in this study. An immune feedback algorithm is used to adjust the proportional coefficient, and the fuzzy algorithm is used to adjust the integral coefficient and the differential coefficient. At the same time, the genetic algorithm is used to optimize the immune parameters to overcome the problem of improper selection of immune parameters, which results in large system overshoot and slow response. Simulation and experiment were also carried out to verify the effectiveness of the algorithm. The results show that the vehicle can keep the speed within ±2 km/h around the target speed. The analyses of lateral kinetic energy and the β phase-plane of both a tractor and a semitrailer indicate that braking stability is good when switching the retarder gear, which means the algorithm has a significant effect.
Highlights
Due to the rapid development of automobile technology and the continuous improvement of road conditions, the speed of automobiles has generally increased
The moving wheel is connected to the transmission shaft, and the fixed wheel is fixed with the hydraulic retarder housing
The flow chart of the genetic algorithm optimizing the immune parameters is shown as Fig. 9
Summary
Due to the rapid development of automobile technology and the continuous improvement of road conditions, the speed of automobiles has generally increased. With the sharp increase in the number of cars, the increasing traffic density of roads, resulting in the occurrence of traffic accidents, has caused the public to pay close attention to road traffic safety. These factors place even more stringent requirements on automotive brakes. When a commercial vehicle is going long downhill, the hydraulic retarder can provide all the braking force to keep the vehicle speed constant, which can maintain optimum braking performance and avoid thermal decay and brake failure of the main brake.
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