Abstract
The aim of this study was to analyze the possibility of simultaneous determination of the concentration of components from the characteristics of FTIR spectra using the example of a model blood serum. To prepare model solutions, a set of freeze-dried control sera based on bovine blood serum was used, certified for approximately 38 parameters. Based on the values of the absorbance and areas of absorption bands in the FTIR spectra of model solutions, a regression equation was constructed by solving a nonlinear problem using the generalized reduced gradient method. By using the absorbance of the absorption bands at 1717 and 3903 cm−1 and the areas of the absorption bands at 616, 3750, and 3903 cm−1, it is possible to simultaneously determine the concentrations of 38 components with an error of less than 0.1%. The results obtained confirm the potential clinical use of FTIR spectroscopy as a reagent-free express method for the analysis of blood serum. However, its practical implementation requires additional research, in particular, analysis of real blood serum samples and validation of the method.
Highlights
Plasma and serum remain the main clinical specimens of interest
It was shown that the contributions of proteins to FTIR spectra are in the frequency ranges 3400–3030 cm−1, 1720–1480 cm−1, and 1301–1229 cm−1; lipids are in the ranges 3020–2819 cm−1, 1750–1725 cm−1, and 1480–1430 cm−1; carbohydrates and nucleic acids (DNA/RNA) are in the frequency range 1200–900 cm−1
Comparison of serum spectra in the 1800–1000 cm−1 region with a series of standards of individual substances at their normal serum concentration levels indicates a great similarity between the spectra of serum and model solutions and albumin, which indicates that the main contribution is from proteins (70% of the non-aqueous portion of the serum) for all spectra
Summary
Plasma and serum remain the main clinical specimens of interest. They contain over 300 types of proteins, as well as carbohydrates, lipids and amino acids and over 100,000 metabolites in various concentrations [1]. Determination of the clinical parameters of serum and blood plasma is widely used for the diagnosis of various diseases, as well as a way to monitor the effectiveness of treatment [3]. The demand for clinical assays is growing, leading to the use of automatic analyzers, many of which are based on colorimetric reactions and ELISA determinations. These methods involve the use of expensive and specific reagents. Given the widespread nature of such studies, there is a clear need for new and cheap alternative analytical procedures, especially as screening tools in situations where economic resources are limited and diagnostic evidence is required at the point of care
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