Abstract
Viral diseases are significant biotic constraints for banana (Musa spp.) production as they affect the yield and limit the international movement of germplasm. Among all the viruses known to infect banana, the banana bunchy top virus and banana streak viruses are widespread and economically damaging. The use of virus-resistant bananas is the most cost-effective option to minimize the negative impacts of viral-diseases on banana production. CRISPR/Cas-based genome editing is emerging as the most powerful tool for developing virus-resistant crop varieties in several crops, including the banana. The availability of a vigorous genetic transformation and regeneration system and a well-annotated whole-genome sequence of banana makes it a compelling candidate for genome editing. A robust CRISPR/Cas9-based genome editing of the banana has recently been established, which can be applied in developing disease-resistant varieties. Recently, the CRISPR system was exploited to detect target gene sequences using Cas9, Cas12, Cas13, and Cas14 enzymes, thereby unveiling the use of this technology for virus diagnosis. This article presents a synopsis of recent advancements and perspectives on the application of CRISPR/Cas-based genome editing for diagnosing and developing resistance against banana viruses and challenges in genome-editing of banana.
Highlights
Plant viruses are obligate intracellular pathogens, which utilize the host plant’s molecular machinery to replicate
The banana plants resistant to BBTV can be developed by delivering the CRISPR/Cas9 reagents targeting either the viral genes such as coat protein (CP), MP, and replication-associated protein (Rep), or the host plant factors involved in viral infection like eukaryotic translation initiation factor (eIF) gene
Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/ CRISPR-associated protein-based genome editing is fast revolutionizing its applications in crop improvement for desired traits such as disease resistance
Summary
Plant viruses are obligate intracellular pathogens, which utilize the host plant’s molecular machinery to replicate. CRISPR/Cas-based genome editing for controlling plant viruses is reported for ssDNA viruses, dsDNA viruses, and ssRNA viruses (Baltes et al, 2015; Ali et al, 2016; Hadidi et al, 2016; Zaidi et al, 2016; Zhang et al, 2018; Gomez et al, 2019; Tripathi et al, 2019; Table 1). The edited plants expressing CRISPR-Cas reagents showed targeted mutations within the viral genome and demonstrated reduced virus load and symptoms upon challenge with BeYDV.
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