Abstract
Piper aduncum, commonly known as matico, is a plant that grows in the mountainous and coastal regions of Peru, and is studied for its antimicrobial properties and various ethnopharmacological uses. The main objective of this study was to determine the cytoprotective and antioxidant effects of the methanolic extract of Piper aduncum leaves in Mus musculus previously administered with sodium fluoride (NaF) using the Micronucleus test and the Comet assay. The extract was administrated orally in four different concentrations: 150, 300, 600, and 1200 mg/Kg for ten days. At the 11th day, a single dose of NaF was administrated via intraperitoneal at 20 mg/Kg. The genotoxicity study was performed with mice from the strain BALB/c, using the Micronucleus test on bone marrow and the Comet assay on peripheral blood according to OECD guidelines 474 and 489, respectively. The statistical analysis was performed by median analysis with ANOVA. Significant differences were found in Micronucleus frequency between the highest concentrations of Piper aduncum and NaF. The Comet assay showed significant reduction of NaF-induced damage on erythrocytes depending on the different concentrations of the extract which were evaluated in this study. It is concluded that the methanolic extract of P. aduncum leaves has cytoprotective and antioxidant activity against sodium fluoride.
Highlights
Piper aduncum L. (P. aduncum) is known as “matico”, in different places from Peru and widely used in the traditional medicine of Latin-America
The aim of this study was to determine the cytoprotective and antioxidant effects of the methanolic extract of P. aduncum leaves in albino mice previously administered with sodium fluoride (NaF) using the Micronucleus test and the
The materials applied in this research are as follows: 2-thiobarbituric acid (TBA), gallic acid, quercetin, FeCl3, MgCl2, Triton X-100, NaCl, Tris, EDTA, Boric acid, and DMSO from Merck; Folin–Ciocalteu reagent (FCR), 2,4,6-tripyridyl-striazine (TPTZ), 2,20 -azino-bis-3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS) and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical and all chemicals used in our study were of analytical or reagent grade
Summary
Piper aduncum L. (P. aduncum) is known as “matico”, in different places from Peru and widely used in the traditional medicine of Latin-America. (P. aduncum) is known as “matico”, in different places from Peru and widely used in the traditional medicine of Latin-America. The Piperaceae family, in which the genus Piper belongs, comprises approximately 2000 species distributed in the tropical regions worldwide [1]. P. aduncum is used in folk medicine as an anti-inflammatory, for wound healing, treating rheumatic afflictions and diarrhea, and as an antiseptic. Toxics 2019, 7, 28 isolation of chalcones, dihydrochalcones, flavanones, chromene, phenylpropanoids, and benzoic acid derivatives. Some of them are shown, which have been studied as cytotoxic, antimicrobial, and insect agents [3,4]. Pharmacological effects of P. aduncum extracts (ethanol and methanol) and its essential oil have been demonstrated, including antileishmanial, antibacterial, cytotoxic, and antifungal activities [5]. Isolated compounds from leaves have been shown to be very active
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