Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the action of Hymenaea stigonocarpa bark hydroalcoholic extract against a mutagenic compound using A. cepa meristematic root cells as a test system. The treatment groups were: Negative Control (NC) - distilled water; Positive Control (PC) - paracetamol at a concentration of 0.008 mg/mL, Jatoba Control (JC) - aqueous fraction jatobá-do-cerrado at 0.5 or 1.0 or 1.5 mg/mL, and Simultaneous Treatment (ST) - jatobá-do-cerrado aqueous fraction at a concentration of 0.5 or 1.0 or 1.5 mg/mL associated with paracetamol solution at a concentration of 0.008 mg/mL. All groups were analyzed at 24 and 48 h. Five onion bulbs (five replications) were used for each treatment group. The root tips were fixed in Carnoy and slides prepared by the crush technique. Cells were analyzed throughout the cell cycle, totaling 5,000 for each treatment group at each exposure time. Mitotic indices were subjected to statistical analysis using the chi-square test (p<0.05). From the results it was found that the ST group, at the three concentrations, significantly potentiated the antiproliferative effect of the test system cells when compared to PC, NC and TJ at the three concentrations. Furthermore, the three ST concentrations significantly reduced the number of cell aberrations when compared to the number of aberrant cells obtained for the PC, demonstrating antimutagenic action on the A. cepa test system cells.
Highlights
Leguminosae is a botanical family of large economic and medicinal importance in temperate and tropical regions around the world
Considering that some species of the genus Hymenaea have demonstrated cytotoxic and antimutagenic potential, that the H. stigonocarpa species needs to be studied further regarding its action at the cellular level, and that the A. cepa system is an appropriate test for the initial screening for the evaluation of antiproliferative, antimutagenic and mutagenic potential of plant extracts, the objective of the present study is to evaluate the effect of the alcoholic extract of jatobá-do-cerrado against a mutagenic compound, using A. cepa meristematic root cells as a test system
The treatment groups evaluated in this study were: Negative Control – only of distilled water; Positive Control – solution prepared with distilled water and paracetamol, a compound with proven cytotoxic, clastogenic and aneugenic action on meristematic root cells of A. cepa at a concentration of 0.008 mg/mL (Bessems et al, 1995); Jatoba Control - aqueous fraction of jatobá-do-cerrado at 0.5 or 1.0 or 1.5 mg/mL, Simultaneous Treatment - jatobá-do-cerrado aqueous fraction at 0.5 or 1.0 or 1.5 mg/mL associated with paracetamol solution at a concentration of 0.008 mg/mL
Summary
Leguminosae is a botanical family of large economic and medicinal importance in temperate and tropical regions around the world. In spite of its wide use in traditional medicine, there are few studies in the literature on the action of jatobá-do-cerrado on the systemic and cellular level Among those that exist are the works done by Lacerda et al (2014) and Silva et al (2015), who, through the Allium cepa system, analyzed, respectively, the cytotoxic potential of the aqueous and hydroalcoholic extract of the the bark of this legume, and demonstrated a significant antiproliferative effect in the cells of the test system used. Another important result is that the concentrations tested in these two studies did not induce cell aberrations in the A. cepa system cells
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