Abstract
Foodborne pathogens are a real public health concern in an escalating antimicrobial resistance scenario. Natural products represent a promising source of bioactive molecules, and essential oils have attracted much attention due to their myriad of biological properties, including antibacterial activities. In this context, essential oils obtained from the leaves of Chromolaena squalida, Campomanesia sessiliflora, Myrsine guianensis, Matayba guianensis, Siparuna guianensis, Ocotea minarum and Endlicheria paniculata—species from the Cerrado biome of Midwest Brazil—were extracted and evaluated for their antibacterial activity against a panel of four standard and three clinical multidrug−resistant bacterial strains. All tested oils showed moderate to good activity against at least four bacterial strains, including Salmonella Typhi and oxacillin−resistant Staphylococcus. The essential oils from C. squalida, C. sessiliflora, My. guianensis and Ma. guianensis showed strong inhibition of clinical Staphylococcus strains, which cause bovine mastitis and are related to milk−borne diseases. Their chemical profiles were investigated by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC/MS), which revealed a predominance of mono− and sesquiterpene hydrocarbons, some of which with well−known antimicrobial properties. The essential oil from Cerrado plants proved active against resistant Gram−positive and Gram−negative bacteria, revealing their potentialities for the development of new alternative agents to prevent the spreading of resistant bacterial contamination.
Highlights
Foodborne diseases comprise a large group of illness that result from the consumption of contaminated food or water
The oils were tested against standard strains and clinical isolates of multi−resistant bacteria related to foodborne diseases (Table 1), obtained at the Veterinary Hospital of the Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (HV-UFMS)
Chromolaena squalida, Campomanesia sessiliflora, Myrsine guianensis, Matayba guianensis, Siparuna guianensis, Ocotea minarum and Endlicheria paniculata were selected for the screening of antimicrobial activity based on the criteria of large distribution/occurrence in the Cerrado biome, as well as organoleptic characteristics, focusing on plants with leaves that, when crushed, give off a remarkable fragrance
Summary
Foodborne diseases comprise a large group of illness that result from the consumption of contaminated food or water. Some studies have shown that these staphylococcal enterotoxins can retain their biological activities even after the pasteurization process [7,8] This bacterium causes bovine mastitis (inflammation of the mammary gland in the udder of dairy cows), leading to a reduction in milk quality and yield, which causes considerable economic losses in livestock [7]. In the face of our rich biodiversity and aiming at finding promising bioactive natural products for food preservation, the present work describes the evaluation of the antimicrobial potential of the essential oils from seven native plants of the Brazilian Cerrado against foodborne diseases−related bacterial stains. The chemical profile of four of these essential oils with the most promising activity is being described for the first time
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