Abstract
BackgroundRecently, researchers demonstrate the importance of associated microorganisms as potential sources of bioactive natural products. Especially, marine-derived fungi consider a treasure of new pharmaceutical leads due to the chemical diversity of their secondary metabolites.ResultsAspergillus unguis SPMD-EGY was isolated from the soft coral Sinularia sp. and was cultivated on different media. Three broth media potato dextrose broth (PDB), peptone yeast extract malt extract glucose (PYMG), and Dox media in addition to one solid medium (rice medium) were used for this purpose. The fungus was grown under shake and static conditions (for broth media only). Ethyl acetate extract from both mycelia and culture supernatant and the extract from the direct extraction of rice solid medium were tested for their antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. It has been found that PYMG medium (mycelia static and culture static) exhibited the highest antimicrobial activity against all test microbes except Aspergillus niger followed by PDB medium (culture static and mycelia static). From the antioxidant point of view, the PDB medium showed the highest antioxidant activity (culture-shake) followed by Dox medium (culture static and mycelia static). The obtained results have been assessed and compared to the results of previous works constructed. GC/MS analysis of the fungal extracts showing high significant antimicrobial activities was evaluated.ConclusionThree different culture media were tested for the cultivation of the locally isolated fungus Aspergillus unguis isolate SPMD-EGY and were tested as antimicrobial and antioxidant agents. It has been found that growth media and growth incubation conditions have a very important role in secondary metabolites production.
Highlights
As infectious diseases evolve to become more resistant to existing antibiotics, there is an undeniable need to discover new, safe, and effective drugs from natural sources with novel mechanisms of action to combat these pathogens
It has been found that the antimicrobial activities were higher when the fungus was grown on peptone yeast extract malt extract glucose (PYMG) broth medium against Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Candida albicans
It has been found that the produced extracts exhibited nearly the same results with the only difference is that there is an antimicrobial activity against the fungus Aspergillus niger
Summary
As infectious diseases evolve to become more resistant to existing antibiotics, there is an undeniable need to discover new, safe, and effective drugs from natural sources with novel mechanisms of action to combat these pathogens. Marine environment is considered as an extremely diverse pool of life and has varied structurally unique biologically active natural products because of its extreme and rapidly changeable conditions (Zainuddin et al 2010). The terrestrial environment has been increasingly of interest as a source of new bioactive molecules, the marine environment is considered as a unique source of a diverse array of natural products, primarily from invertebrates such as tunicates, sponges, mollusks, and bryozoans, and from marine fungi, bacteria, and cyanobacteria. The importance of marine organisms over the past 30–40 years has been the focus of the researchers as potential sources for the discovery of chemotherapeutic. Researchers demonstrate the importance of associated microorganisms as potential sources of bioactive natural products. Marine-derived fungi consider a treasure of new pharmaceutical leads due to the chemical diversity of their secondary metabolites
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