Abstract
Some studies have suggested the antihypertensive effects of statins, a class of lipid-lowering agents, particularly in patients with hypertension. However, the evidence for the role of statins in blood pressure (BP) lowering is controversial, and no meta-analysis of rosuvastatin therapy has been conducted to assess its BP-lowering effects. Therefore, the aim of this meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was to investigate the effects of rosuvastatin on systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) in patients with hypertension. We systematically searched the electronic databases MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library to identify RCTs in which patients were assigned to groups of rosuvastatin plus antihypertensive agents vs. antihypertensive agents. The three authors independently selected the studies, extracted data, and assessed methodological quality. We included five RCTs in this meta-analysis with 288 patients treated with rosuvastatin and 219 patients without rosuvastatin. The mean DBP in the rosuvastatin group was significantly lower than that in the non-rosuvastatin group by −2.12 mmHg (95% confidence interval (CI) −3.72 to −0.52; Pfixed-effects model = 0.009; I2 = 0%, Pheterogeneity = 0.97). Rosuvastatin treatment also lowered the mean SBP compared with the non-rosuvastatin treatment by −2.27 mmHg, but not significantly (95% CI − 4.75 to 0.25; Pfixed-effects model = 0.08; I2 = 0%, Pheterogeneity = 0.82). In this study, we reviewed the antihypertensive effects of rosuvastatin in patients with hypertension and dyslipidemia. We demonstrated a modest significant reduction of DBP and a trend toward a lowered SBP in patients with hypertension with rosuvastatin therapy. Rosuvastatin could be beneficial to control hypertension and, consequently, contribute toward reducing the risk of cardiovascular events in patients with hypertension and dyslipidemia.
Highlights
Cardiovascular disease (CVD), the leading cause of death globally, accounted for more than 17.6 million deaths in 2016 [1]
The baseline mean systolic blood pressure (SBP) ranged from 142.74 mmHg to 152.5 mmHg and the baseline mean diastolic blood pressure (DBP) ranged from 81.74 mmHg to 94.24 mmHg
The results showed that combined therapy with rosuvastatin and valsartan has a significant DBP-lowering effect compared with valsartan monotherapy; this effect was not observed for SBP (−3.9 mmHg for DBP, P = 0.02; and −2.4 mmHg in SBP, P = 0.42) [27]
Summary
Cardiovascular disease (CVD), the leading cause of death globally, accounted for more than 17.6 million deaths in 2016 [1]. Hyperlipidemia, with elevated lipoprotein levels, and arterial hypertension, with elevated systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), are among the major risk factors that are independently or positively associated with the development of CVD, including myocardial infarction, stroke, and congestive heart failure [2, 3]. In a large proportion of patients, hyperlipidemia coexists with hypertension [4,5,6]. Patients who have concomitant hyperlipidemia and hypertension are at a higher risk of CVD than patients who have hyperlipidemia or hypertension alone. The combination therapy of antihypertensive agents with statins has been used for the control of both BP and the blood cholesterol level [7]
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