Abstract
Objective: The main objective of the study was to investigate the effect of ethanol seed extracts of Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn (Nymphaeaceae) as antihyperglycemic, anti-hyperlipidemic and antioxidant activity in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.Methods: Diabetes was induced in wistar albino rats by administration of streptozotocin (single intraperitoneal dose of 60 mg/kg B. W). The ethanol extract of N. nucifera seed at a dose of 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight was administrated at a single dose per day to STZ induced diabetic rats for a period of 42 d. The different pharmacological parameters were evaluated. The effect of ethanol seed extract of N. nucifera on insulin, blood glucose, urea, creatinine, HbA1C, serum protein, albumin, globulin, serum enzymes, serum lipid profiles, lipid peroxides (LPO) and other antioxidant enzymes like catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and reduced glutathione (GSH) were measured in the diabetic rats.Results: In the acute toxicity study ethanol seed extract of Nelumbo nucifera were non-toxic at 2000 mg/kg in rats. The ethanol extract of Nelumbo nucifera seed showed significant reduction in blood glucose (p<0.05), serum enzymes (SGPT, SGOT, ALP) (p<0.05), lipid parameters (TC, TG, VLDL, LDL) (p<0.05) except HDL and significantly increased insulin (p<0.05), HDL (p<0.05), GPx, GSH, SOD and CAT (p<0.05) at the dose of 400 mg/kg when compared with the diabetic-induced control.Conclusion: The present study suggested that the NNSE has significant (p<0.05) antihyperglycemic, antihyperlipidemic and antioxidant activity in STZ induced diabetic rats. These results clearly indicate that Nelumbo nucifera is effective against free radical-mediated diseases, thus replacing the synthetic ones.
Highlights
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder resulting from a defect in insulin secretion, insulin resistance or both
The presence of alkaloid, flavonoid, phenol, saponin, steroid, tannin, terpenoid, sugar, glycoside and xanthoprotein has been confirmed in the ethanol seed extract of N. nucifera
It was observed that seed extract at the dose of 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg significantly (p
Summary
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder resulting from a defect in insulin secretion, insulin resistance or both. Available treatment of diabetes mellitus includes oral hypoglycemic agents and insulin. These current drugs do not restore normal glucose homeostasis and they are not free from side effects [3]. Over 400 traditional plants have been reported for the treatments of diabetes [5]. After the World Health Organization recommended, investigation of hypoglycemic agents from medicinal plants has become more important [6]. Some medicinal plants have been reported to be useful in the treatment of diabetes and have been used empirically as antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic agents worldwide. Antihyperglycemic activity of the plants is mainly due to their ability to restore the function of the pancreas by causing an increase in insulin output or inhibiting the absorption of glucose or to the facilitation of metabolites in insulindependent processes
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