Anticosti: Tourism, Industry, and Nature Construction on a Nordic, Peripheral Island

The sustainable and healthy development of the construction of community culture in minority areas is based on the accurate positioning of government functions, which cannot be separated from certain government functions and behaviors.This article takes the community culture construction in the northwest minority area as the breakthrough point, and takes the government cultural function as the research object, In combination with the reality of construction of community culture in Dawukou District, Shizuishan City, Ningxia, Analysis of urban community culture construction in national regions of the necessity of the transformation of government functions and the necessity and feasibility of the strategy.The construction of urban community culture is initiated by the Chinese government in 1990s.It is a systematic project to construct the urban community culture with modern meaning and regional characteristics.Its essence lies in the basic elements of the modern community culture, such as the government led initiative to create activities, foster community awareness of urban residents, community cohesion and so on.The role of Chinese government in the construction of urban community culture is directly related to the sustainable and healthy development of urban community culture construction, and the government's function is determined by the government's responsibility and function.

This study investigated the perceptions of the tourism industry to environmental management issues in Fiji. A survey of key sectors of the tourism industry revealed that there is a high level of dissatisfaction with current environmental management practices. The study identified a strong recognition by the tourism industry operators of the links between the natural environment and tourism. Respondents strongly favoured an expansion of current park and reserve provision on a user pays basis. According to the respondents, the main constraint to investment in nature tourism is the structure of landowning in Fiji. It is proposed that the impact of landownership patterns on nature tourism in various South Pacific countries be investigated further. Industry preoccupation with the two issues of general cleanliness and rubbish on the foreshore suggest a superficial understanding of environmental issues. The provision of information to industry and to local communities in tourism receiving areas concerning environmental matters needs to be improved.

This study investigated the perceptions of the tourism industry to environmental management issues in Fiji. A survey of key sectors of the tourism industry revealed that there is a high level of dissatisfaction with current environmental management practices. The study identified a strong recognition by the tourism industry operators of the links between the natural environment and tourism. Respondents strongly favoured an expansion of current park and reserve provision on a user pays basis. According to the respondents, the main constraint to investment in nature tourism is the structure of landowning in Fiji. It is proposed that the impact of landownership patterns on nature tourism in various South Pacific countries be investigated further. Industry preoccupation with the two issues of general cleanliness and rubbish on the foreshore suggest a superficial understanding of environmental issues. The provision of information to industry and to local communities in tourism receiving areas concerni...

PurposeBased on the measurement of efficiency and potential and the emission reduction target allocation, the optimal emission reduction paths are determined for the natural, humanistic and social tourism industries and the key measures are given.Design/methodology/approachFirst, emission reduction targets are allocated spatially for the three tourism industries based on the measurement of their emission reduction efficiency and potential. Second, emission reduction paths are designed using the matrix model, and the optimal paths are matched for the three tourism industries. Third, key measures are explored for the three tourism industries under their optimal carbon reduction paths.FindingsEfficiency and potential should be given prior consideration when allocating tourism emission-reduction targets. The optimal carbon reduction paths for the humanistic, social and natural tourism industries are the path-prioritizing potential, the path-balancing efficiency and potential and the path-prioritizing efficiency, respectively. Key measures. Humanistic tourism: optimizing the energy structure, administrative environment regulation and reducing the degree of factor market distortion; social tourism: improving energy intensity, increasing green investment, promoting intensive production and improving technological efficiency; natural tourism: promoting intensive production, implementing carbon tax and carbon trading and improving total factor productivity.Originality/valueReducing the carbon emissions of the tourism industry effectively with its stable growth is a strategic direction to realize a “win-win” situation. An appropriate carbon reduction path is the foundation, and effective emission reduction measures are crucial. Compared with one-dimensional analysis, the combination of efficiency and potential can reflect the emission reduction capacity and characterize the space for emission reduction.

(2003). The politics of heritage in Tana Toraja, Indonesia: Interplaying the local and the global. Indonesia and the Malay World: Vol. 31, No. 89, pp. 91-107.

In order to explore the dialectical relationship between the world natural heritage sites protection and tourism development, this paper takes Wulong karst world natural heritage site as an example and uses tourism ecological footprint model to evaluate the impact of tourism development on heritage protection. As a result, tourism development can indeed impact on heritage protection, but also endows heritage protection with more realistic possibilities. World natural heritage protection and tourism development are not opposites to each other. By limiting tourism speed development and enhancing ecological compensation, the protection of world heritage sites and tourism development may be unified in the long run. To be specific, the sustainable development of world natural heritage can be realized by limiting the degree of tourism development, limiting the number of tourists, guiding tourists to transform consumption, reducing the ecological footprint of tourism, transferring tourism ecological footprint, and improving the ecological carrying capacity.

World Heritage (WH) sites are areas for international conservation of nature and culture with outstanding universal values. The Nordic countries possess two large landscapes with WH recognition that serve as a base for this study, the WH Laponia and the WH High Coast/Kvarken Archipelago. The WH Laponia in Sweden combines both cultural and natural value; the Norwegian area of Laponia is not designated WH, but represents an area with governmental ambitions to become an UNESCO WH site. The WH High Coast/Kvarken Archipelago (Sweden/Finland) is a serial-nominated, transnational WH site designated purely on nature merits. Within these WH sites, there are local communities and indigenous peoples with democratic rights who participate in the management of the areas and use the local resources of their natural environment.This article analyses the processes of WH nomination and implementation of the WH Convention (1972) in the Nordic countries. It also depicts a strong Nordic tradition of transnational learning (TNL) which is also used within WH governance. The article uses comparative methods and theories of governance, co-management, transnational governance and TNL in the analysis of the transboundary WH sites. The empirical results illustrate the challenges of local democratic participation in the national and transnational decision-making regarding nomination and implementation of the WH Convention. It suggests that deficiency of democratic participation during early stages in pre-WH designation processes may be compensated by TNL. Learning between and within WH-related networks and groups, show in the Nordic perspective examples of incorporating WH stakeholders in cooperation across national borders. TNL may be restricted by cultural and legal limitations.

Understanding the spatiotemporal variation and drivers of ecosystem services is fundamental to optimal management and sustainable development of World Heritage (WH) sites. Although WH sites face multiple natural and anthropogenic threats, our understanding of their ecosystem services is still limited, especially for karst WH sites. In this study, we assessed habitat quality (HQ), carbon storage (CS), soil retention (SR), water conservation (WC), and the combined ecosystem service (CES) of karst and non-karst WH sites in Southwest China from 2000 to 2020 using the InVEST model. We also assessed trade-offs/synergies among ecosystem services using the spatial overlay method, and identified driving factors of variation in ecosystem services using geographical detector and structural equation models. The results showed that ecosystem services of the WH sites exhibited high spatiotemporal variation. In particular, there were higher values in the property zone than in the buffer zone, and an increasing trend in SR but a decreasing trend in HQ and CES over time. Compared to non-karst sites, karst WH sites had significantly lower values of HQ, CS, SR, and CES, but higher spatial heterogeneity in CS, WC, and CES. Weak trade-offs among ecosystem services dominated the WH sites, with the proportion of weak synergies increasing over time. Compared to non-karst sites, karst WH sites had a significantly lower proportion of strong synergies and a significantly higher proportion of weak synergies. The provision of ecosystem services was primarily influenced by natural factors (e.g., landscape division index and normalized difference vegetation index), followed by anthropogenic factors (e.g., distance from road and population density). Overall, these findings may have important implications for decision-making aimed at protecting the outstanding universal value, authenticity, and integrity of WH with different attributes.

Since the approval, in 1972, of the World Convention on Cultural and Natural Heritage, until today, the Latin American continent has contributed to decentralizing the excessive primacy that the heritage assets of the regions of the developed world (Europe and the United States) had. Furthermore, it has attracted greater attention to the cultural diversities existing in the peripheral regions of the planet, which has allowed an enrichment of the categories and types of heritage. In a world of constant tension and change, between the pressures of global development, the inclemency of natural and human risks, and regional and local forces, World Heritage Sites are called to become spaces of enrichment of the multiple identities of the communities that give meaning to their places of roots. This type of property allows the resignification of people and communities with their changing natural, territorial, and landscape contexts, with ways of life and with social practices. It is for this reason that an adequate understanding of the role played by World Heritage Sites in the twenty-first century would allow us to face the urgent challenges of sustainable development, integrating the social, economic, environmental, and cultural dimensions of the Latin American region. This work reflects on the new paradigm that should guide the conservation and management of these heritage assets, a pending and deficient aspect in the regional reality. That is, under an approach based on the meanings and values ​​that the communities exercise as central actors in the process. Within the framework of this paradigm, the fundamental elements of a system of conservation and management of heritage assets are exposed. Among them, the work of monitoring and evaluating the state of conservation of its Universal and Exceptional Values, and its conditions of integrity and authenticity, stands out.

Many World Heritage Sites hold universal and exceptional values of a hybrid nature, combining cultural and environmental richness. Yet these complex dimensions are rarely recognised within their designation criteria, making it urgent to update their cultural valuation through the lens of social and environmental sustainability. In this context, water—as both a natural and a cultural asset—emerges as a fundamental element for understanding their natural–cultural capital. This study examines two World Heritage Sites in southern Spain—the Royal Alcázar of Seville and the Alhambra of Granada—which are particularly representative at the European scale due to their severe climatic conditions. The methodology is based on the analysis and mapping of their landscape conditions using historical cartography and Geographic Information Systems, together with a review of water-related attributes and values across their protection and management frameworks. As a result, their water systems are critically assessed within existing protection and management documents, a narrative approach to water as natural-cultural capital is proposed, and this approach is linked to the sites’ principal climate-related vulnerabilities and benefits. Overall, the study contributes to the international debate on biocultural heritage, supporting the need to update the water system approach applied to World Heritage Sites under conditions of climate stress.

This article discusses the links between the tourism industry and the world heritage context using raising awareness and capacity building as a driving force to promote economic growth. Albejrawiah pyramids’ world heritage site in Sudan will be used as a case study, with a special focus on local communities’ role and participation in enhancing tourism growth. This paper analyses the effect of using the conservation of world heritage sites as a tool for tourism attraction in order to consequently gain economic development. Furthermore, it examines the basic role that local communities at the Albejrawiah pyramids’ world heritage site can play in promoting the tourism industry. The article points out, maybe for the first time, the importance of the local communities role in enhancing the tourism industry. The response by the site director ensured that the governmental investments in tourism infrastructure would promote the country’s economy extensively. The article concludes that a shift from current traditional heritage management strategies to a new one could contribute effectively to enhancing tourism infrastructure and consequently promote economic aspects and quality of life in Sudan. The data used for this research were collected via questionnaires, semi-structured interviews, and during field trips to the Albejrawiah pyramids world heritage site in 2014 and 2016, updated in 2018.

World heritage sites are monuments and natural landscapes recognised by all humanity as being of outstanding significance and universal value. Spatial technology provides new ideas for the conservation and sustainable development of world heritage sites. Using a bibliometric analysis, this study extracted 401 relevant documents from the Web of Science database from 1990–2022. Meta information, such as abstracts, keywords of the papers were extracted and cleaned using bibliometric package and analysed the applications, partnerships and development trends of existing spatial technologies for world heritage sites. The results of the study show the “4D” characteristics of space technology in world heritage sites: (1) Development: Spatial applications in world heritage sites have gradually developed with an annual growth rate of 10.22% during the period 1990–2022. (2) Discrepancy: More than 70 per cent of countries have not been able to fully apply space technology on the ground at world heritage sites. (3) Desirability: Shared exchanges between research institutions are rare, and more cooperation and exchanges are expected, especially between transnationals. (4) Diversity: The future outlook for technology will be multidisciplinary, multi-method integrated research.

Designation of protected areas is an extremely effective means of "protecting" the natural environment and natural resources, and registration as a world natural heritage site is an extremely effective conservation policy for protecting its outstanding universal value. This paper introduces three cases such as Ha Long Bay, in Vietnam, Galapagos Islands and Shirakami-Sanchi in Japan which are the sites of world heritage. The paper presents the different values of stakeholders towards world natural heritage. In particular, the paper discusses how the universal values of world heritage and the values of stakeholders including local communities affect the protection of world heritage. Then, based on the recognition of the different values, future issues and perspectives regarding the coordination of interests among stakeholders are discussed. In today's world, where there are different values, sometimes conflicts among stakeholders happen with each other and it is of course needed to respect and mutually understand these different values. On the other hand, the international framework, the World Heritage Convention, is a global standard with outstanding universal value, although its characteristics are diverse. For registered sites, the global "external" endorsement should require local communities at the sites to comply with new global standards. At the same time, external global standards will force new changes on the ground in registered sites. It is important to think how to overcome conflicts between different values and to create new values through interaction between external and local values.   Key words: World heritage, universal outstanding value, Ha Long Bay, Galapagos Islands, Shirakami-Sanchi, different values.

More than 25% of natural World Heritage (WH) sites worldwide are estimated to be under pressure from existing or future mining and energy activities (IUCN 2008; UNESCO 2009). However, that ‘pressure’ has yet to be quantitatively defined and assessed for many regions of the world. We conducted a GIS-based analysis of overlap and proximity between natural WH sites and areas allocated to oil and gas concessions as well as pipelines and oil wells for all of sub-Saharan Africa. We found that oil and gas concessions were located within 27% of the WH sites, though no currently active oil wells were operating directly within the WH sites. A proximity-based assessment of oil and gas concessions within 5 km of WH site boundaries included only one additional WH site, suggesting that sites susceptible to indirect impacts from oil and gas development are likely to be those already overlapped by concessions. Our findings indicate that activity from oil and gas development in sub-Saharan WH sites has to date been limited; however, future pressure cannot be ruled out, due to continued presence of concessions within more than one quarter of the network, and projected expansion of oil and gas exploration within the region. Our results may be used to inform the inclusion of new sites into the WH network.

Today, there are over 200 World Natural Heritage (WNH) sites. Although the original aim of the World Heritage (WH) Convention was to spark off concerted international efforts to preserve sites of outstanding and universal value, today a multitude of expectations rests on WNH sites in terms of conservation, tourism, management and regional development. This paper identifies the effects of WNH status on sustainable regional development and the driving factors behind these effects. The results are based on a global survey of WNH sites and qualitative interviews with key WNH personnel. The paper shows that WNH status can be an important trigger for sustainable regional development, but its effectiveness depends on a number of intricately interwoven ‘soft’ success factors. Clearer policies and management guidelines, as envisaged by UNESCO, are crucial to achieving a balance between conservation and development.