Antibothropic Action of Camellia sinensis Extract Against the Neuromuscular Blockade by Bothrops jararacussu Snake Venom and Its Main Toxin, Bothropstoxin-I

Abstract

Snake bite envenoming, a serious public health problem in rural areas of tropical and subtropical countries, was included in 2007 as a neglected disease by the World Health Organization (WHO, 2007). Under this geographical perspective Africa, Asia, Oceania and Latin America are the most vulnerable countries to this kind of accident, but also shared by many developing countries (Harrison et al., 2009; Warrel, 2010). An excellent meta-analytic approach about the subject was described by Chippaux (2011), who analysed more than 3,000 references for estimating the burden of snakebites in sub-Saharan Africa. Brazil encloses both requirements, as a developing and a tropical country, and needs to strengthen measures against venomous snake accidents, since, according to Lima et al. (2009), it is the country with the major number of accidents (about 20,000 cases/year), followed by Peru (4,500), Venezuela (2,500-3,000), Colombia (2,675), Ecuador (1,200-1,400) and Argentina (1,150-1.250) (Warrel, 2004).