Abstract
Tapiainen T, Kujala T, Renko M, Koivunen P, Kontiokari T, Kristo A, et al. Effect of Antimicrobial Treatment of Acute Otitis Media on the Daily Disappearance of Middle Ear Effusion: A Placebo-Controlled Trial. JAMA Pediatr. 2014;165:635-41. Among children with otitis media (OM), what is the therapeutic efficacy of antibiotics, compared with placebo, in resolution of middle ear effusion (MEE)? Randomized controlled trial. Outpatient clinics, Oulu, Finland. Children, 6 months to 15 years old. Time to disappearance of MEE. On day 14, 69% of children in the antimicrobial group and 38% in the placebo group had normal tympanometry findings (number needed to treat [NNT] 4; 95% CI, 2-11). On day 60, 2 children (5%) in the antimicrobial group and 10 children (24%) in the placebo group had persistent MEE (NNT 6; 95% CI, 3-22). Antimicrobial treatment effectively reduced the duration of MEE in children with AOM, and the risk for persistent MEE.
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