Abstract
Three new polyketides, ketidocillinones A–C (1–3), were discovered from the extract of an Antarctica sponge-derived fungus Penicillium sp. HDN151272. All the structures were deduced by spectroscopic data, including NMR and HRESIMS. The absolute configuration of compound 3 was established by using ECD calculation. Compounds 1−3 can be slowly oxidized to quinone form when exposed to air. Ketidocillinones B and C (2 and 3) exhibited potent antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeurigenosa, Mycobacterium phlei, and MRCNS (methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci) with MIC values ranging from 1.56 to 25.00 µg/mL.
Highlights
Microorganisms that belong to distinctive ecosystems, such as Polar Regions, have productive sources of different chemical skeletons and unusual natural products along with versatile and unparalleled biological potentials [1]
Interim concentrated heat during the Antarctic summer, the Antarctica associated microorganisms need a different range of bio-physiological adaptations which are necessary for existence [1,2]
Careful analysis of the a hydroquinone‐type skeleton, which was further verified by the HMBC correlations (Figure 2)
Summary
Microorganisms that belong to distinctive ecosystems, such as Polar Regions, have productive sources of different chemical skeletons and unusual natural products along with versatile and unparalleled biological potentials [1]. To continue existence and endurance under the persistent influence of natural stressors, such as extremely low temperature, deficient of nutritional substrates, lack of metabolite transfers, UV (ultra violet-radiation) and interim concentrated heat during the Antarctic summer, the Antarctica associated microorganisms need a different range of bio-physiological adaptations which are necessary for existence [1,2]. These adaptations are frequently convoyed by manipulations to both gene regulation and metabolic pathways, in turn enlarging the opportunity to search for innovative functional metabolites with pharmaceutical potential [1,3].
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