Abstract
The methanolic extract and conessine isolated from the stem bark of Holarrhena floribunda (Hf) were tested for their antibacterial activities on Bacillus: Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus megaterium and Bacillus stearothermophilus using the disc diffusion method. Phytochemical analysis of the crude extract and fractions was also conducted. The inhibition parameters of the crude methanol extract and the total alkaloid fraction were determined using the macrodilution method. The results showed that the crude extract, the total alkaloid fraction and conessine exhibited a significant antibacterial effect against all the strains studied. The antibacterial effect of conessine is almost similar to that of chloramphenicol used as reference. The ratio of the minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) over the minimal inhibitive concentration (MIC) indicates the bactericidal effect of the plant. These results support common use of stem bark of Hf and conessine isolated from Hf in the treatment of some infectious diseases.
Highlights
Holarrhena floribunda, a plant belonging to the Apocynaceae family (Letouzey, 1972), is widely distributed in the Centre and West provinces of Cameroon
The present study was conducted to investigate the antibacterial properties of the crude methanol extract and conessine from the stem bark of H. floribunda against four strains of Bacillus
The results of our assay on the crude extract, the total alkaloid fraction and the residue are shown on Table 1
Summary
Holarrhena floribunda, a plant belonging to the Apocynaceae family (Letouzey, 1972), is widely distributed in the Centre and West provinces of Cameroon. Its stem bark is used in Cameroon to treat various ailments such as abdominal pains, nausea, indigestion, diarrhoea (Berhaut, 1971). Little experimental studies have been done on the biological properties of this plant. The stem bark of H. floribunda is febrifuge and could be a quinine substitute, since it showed remarkable inhibitory activity against drug-resistant strains of Plasmodium falciparum (Fotie et al, 2006). There is no attempt to study the potential of H. floribunda’s antibacterial activities against microorganisms that cause food poisoning and food alteration. The present study was conducted to investigate the antibacterial properties of the crude methanol extract and conessine from the stem bark of H. floribunda against four strains of Bacillus
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