Abstract
Two new norsesquiterpenoids, solanerianones A and B (1–2), together with nine known compounds, including four sesquiterpenoids, (−)-solavetivone (3), (+)-anhydro-β-rotunol (4), solafuranone (5), lycifuranone A (6); one alkaloid, N-trans-feruloyltyramine (7); one fatty acid, palmitic acid (8); one phenylalkanoid, acetovanillone (9), and two steroids, β-sitosterol (10) and stigmasterol (11) were isolated from the n-hexane-soluble part of the roots of Solanum erianthum. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of physical and spectroscopic data analyses. The anti-inflammatory activity of these isolates was monitored by nitric oxide (NO) production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated murine macrophage RAW264.7 cells. The cytotoxicity towards human lung squamous carcinoma (CH27), human hepatocellular carcinoma (Hep 3B), human oral squamous carcinoma (HSC-3) and human melanoma (M21) cell lines was also screened by using an MTT assay. Of the compounds tested, 3 exhibited the strongest NO inhibition with the average maximum inhibition (Emax) at 100 μM and median inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of 98.23% ± 0.08% and 65.54 ± 0.18 μM, respectively. None of compounds (1–9) was found to possess cytotoxic activity against human cancer cell lines at concentrations up to 30 μM.
Highlights
The presence of some steroidal alkaloids was detected in the fruits, stem barks, xylem, roots and leaves of this plant by thin-layer chromatography (TLC) [9]
The MeOH extract of the root of S. erianthum was shown to be able to inhibit nitric oxide (NO) release without affecting the cellular viability in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated Raw 264.7 cells and display a selective cytotoxic activity against Hep 3B cell line
We report the isolate of two new solanerianones A and B (1–2), and nine known compounds, including four sesquiterpenoids, (−)-solavetivone (3), (+)-anhydro-βrotunol (4), solafuranone (5) and lycifuranone A (6); one alkaloid, N-trans-feruloyltyramine (7); one fatty acid, palmitic acid (8); one phenylalkanoid, acetovanillone (9), and two steroids, β-sitosterol (10)
Summary
Flavonoids, steroidal alkaloids, amides and fatty acids were isolated from the leaves of. The presence of some steroidal alkaloids was detected in the fruits, stem barks, xylem, roots and leaves of this plant by thin-layer chromatography (TLC) [9]. The MeOH extract of the root of S. erianthum was shown to be able to inhibit NO release without affecting the cellular viability in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated Raw 264.7 cells and display a selective cytotoxic activity against Hep 3B cell line. We report the isolate of two new solanerianones A and B (1–2), and nine known compounds, including four sesquiterpenoids, (−)-solavetivone (3), (+)-anhydro-βrotunol (4), solafuranone (5) and lycifuranone A (6); one alkaloid, N-trans-feruloyltyramine (7); one fatty acid, palmitic acid (8); one phenylalkanoid, acetovanillone (9), and two steroids, β-sitosterol (10). We describe the structure elucidation of these two new compounds, anti-inflammatory activity of compounds 3–8 and cytotoxicity evaluation of compounds 1–9 against four human cancer cell lines
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