Abstract
We have previously demonstrated that acacia polyphenol (AP) exerts strong anti-obesity, anti-diabetic, and anti-atopic dermatitis effects. In the present study, we investigated the anti-hypertensive effects of AP. Spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) with hypertension and control Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY) were used. WKY and SHR were fed AP-containing food or AP-free food (control group) ad libitum for 4 weeks, and their blood pressures were measured. After AP administration, both systolic and diastolic blood pressures were significantly lower in the SHR group than in the control group. There were no differences in the systolic or diastolic blood pressure of WKY between the AP group and the control group. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) activity, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase expression, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in SHR kidneys were not altered by AP administration. Blood SOD activity in SHR was significantly higher in the AP group than in the control group. AP exerts anti-hypertensive effects on hypertension but has almost no effect on normal blood pressure. The anti-hypertensive effects of AP may be related to the anti-oxidative effects of increased blood SOD activity.
Highlights
Acacia is an evergreen tree belonging to the genus Acacia in the legume family, and it is widely distributed throughout the Australian and African continents
Polyphenol-rich aqueous extract from the bark of Acacia mearnsii De Wild. (Acacia polyphenol; acacia polyphenol (AP)), which is widely distributed throughout South Africa, has been used to eliminate wine sediment in Europe
We have previously demonstrated that AP exerts anti-obesity and anti-diabetic actions by altering the expression of genes associated with the inhibition of obesity and diabetes in skeletal muscle, liver, and white adipose tissues [1]
Summary
Acacia is an evergreen tree belonging to the genus Acacia in the legume family, and it is widely distributed throughout the Australian and African continents. MInol.rSecci.en20t18y,e1a9r, s7,00polyphenols have been reported to have anti-hypertension effects [4,52].ofA1P1 contains significant amounts of polyphenols, including monometric flavan-3-ols, such as catechin and procyanidin B-2, and proanthocyanidin oligomers. AAddmmiinniissttrraattiioonn ooff AAPP ttoo WWKKYY ddiidd nnoott cchhaannggee AACCEE aaccttiivviittyy iinn tthhee kkiiddnneeyy. IInn aaddddiittiioonn,, AACCEE aaccttiivviittyy iinn2tt.hh4.eeAccnoogirrottteeenxxsiana-nnCddonmmvereetiddnugulElllnaazyoomffett(hhAeeCEkk)iidAdcnntieevyyityddiniiddthnenKooittdnddeiiyffffeerr bbeettwweeeenn SSHHRR rreecceeiivviinngg AAPP aanndd tthhee ccoonnttrroollss OOnn tt((hhFFyieeiinggiehbbuulidaabrrAissieentiiCigsso44En))aoo..niiffssgtticahhorntueeeicssnmieeaspilnrroiee-nrIsstIat,uuhnallentttdsstrhe,,hgeAAyruadPlPparteoddiuolyiitnddizceonsanfpaootphnttredoaariaffenfcfnaeheicccntitnit-vaAAatnhtgCeCeisoEtEtrtheeaanaectcsvmittnaiievsvsnoiiytdttsyyiotlefaiimthnnoi;rgttihphtheecbepllektokaiodividddeensnbpreareaenyydsg.s.yiuokrtieen.ninTsih[n7e-]rI.,eAftohCrueEs, the influence of AP on ACE activity in the cortex and medulla of the kidney, which contain high amounts of ACE, was examined. ACE activity in the cortex and medulla of the kidney did not differ between SHR receiving AP and the controls (Figure 4). SSuuppeerrooxxiiddee DDiissmmuuttaassee ((SSOODD)) EExxpprreessssiioonn aanndd AAccttiivviittyy iinn tthhee KKiiddnneeyy. OOnn tthhee bbaassiiss ooff tthheessee rreessuullttss,, AAPP ddiidd nnoott aaffffeecctt tthhee eexxpprreessssiioonn aanndd aaccttiivviittyy ooff SSOODD iinn tthhee kkiiddnneeyy
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