Abstract
Infrared radiation serves as a cooling channel when an emitting surface is directly exposed to the atmosphere. However, the cooling performance is restricted, or it might be transitioned to heating mode in an enclosure. In this study, we develop a design strategy to modify the surface emissivity to mitigate radiative heating in an enclosure comprising of two (i.e., a floor and a cover) gray bodies. Indoor heating experiments were performed on a copper enclosure with a view factor of 0.67, and it was demonstrated that rationally designed surfaces lowered the floor and cover temperatures by 11 °C and 2 °C when they were heated at 115 °C and 48 °C, respectively. Heat transfer simulations verified the experimental results, further indicating that the heat dissipation capability was improved with an increase in the view factor from floor to cover and the in-plane thermal conductivity of a cover. This study will provide useful guidelines for the development of passive cooling structures in an enclosure such as buildings, automobiles, electronic devices, and batteries.
Highlights
THERMAL management is crucial in modern devices to enhance their performance and reliability
Passive cooling technologies based on thermal radiation has garnered immense interest as a solution for this problem because they independently act as a heat dissipation channel combined with conduction and convection [9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30]
For an open system in which a cooling object directly exposed to the atmosphere, a steady-state temperature of the object (To) is determined by
Summary
THERMAL management is crucial in modern devices to enhance their performance and reliability. The inner temperature of a closed system is elevated because the thermal radiation emitted from a floor heated by external or internal thermal energy is reflected or reradiated by a cover. High-reflectivity metals are placed on the bottom faces of radiative coolers to thermally isolate cooling objects from solar energy. When the temperature of an object is equal to or lower (i.e., sub-ambient cooling) than that of the ambient temperature, a selective thermal emitter fitted into the infrared window is suitable for radiative cooling [9,14] This is observed because the atmospheric radiation substantially heats the heat emitter if it is inherently absorptive. We investigated the effects of the view factor from floor to cover and the in-plane thermal conductivity of the cover by conducting finite element method (FEM)-based thermal simulations
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