Abstract
Summary Female athletes are more likely to suffer certain sports-related injuries than their male counterparts. The knee joint in particular is a troublesome site and the anterior cruciate ligament is a structure especially susceptible to injury. Many explanations regarding possible contributing factors to this increased prevalence have been put forward, including sex-related skeletal variation such as pelvic width, femoral anteversion, femoral intercondylar notch dimensions, and increased Q-angle. Some of these explanations appear to be dubious. However, recent research into pronation control, ligament laxity, neuromuscular characteristics and the effect of menstrual hormones on the ACL has produced some enlightening data. Awareness of the possible causes of increased ACL injury rates in women and girls provides a basis for strategies to help to prevent this potentially devastating injury. It seems that co-ordination and agility work combined with proprioceptive exercises could play a large part in reducing injury rates.
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