Abstract
High-gain directional antennas such as pyramidal horns have been widely used in higher frequency band channel measurements. Channel models established based on directional channel observations are antenna-specific and subject to the direction-scanning method adopted. To de-embed the impact of the antenna's responses from propagation channels, an array signal model is proposed that formulates the received signals as the outputs of a virtual array generated via antenna rotating. We first show by simulations that high-resolution parameter estimation methods, such as the space-alternating generalized expectation-maximization (SAGE) algorithm derived based on this model, are applicable to extract multipath components. The results are system-independent provided the antenna-rotating strategy satisfies certain conditions. Then, measurements conducted by using two types of horn antennas for characterizing 13–17-GHz wave propagation in a laboratory demonstrate the de-embedding effect by using the proposed scheme.
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