Abstract
From studies of global seismicity it is observed that some unusual shallow earthquakes generate seismic waves which cannot be explained by the simple earthquake model of crustal block motion along a planar fault. Several of these anomalous earthquakes occur near volcanic centers, and it has been proposed that fundamentally different processes, such as rapid injection of magma into vertical or horizontal cracks in the crust, are needed to explain their occurrence. Here I show that observations for a subset of these earthquakes can instead be explained by seismic slip on curved, cone-shaped faults. Faults of this geometry and orientation, called ring faults, are frequently mapped in eroded extinct volcanos, and have recently been imaged by microearthquakes beneath active volcanos.
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