Abstract
PurposeAberrantly upregulated expression of selected members of annexin, a group of calcium- and membrane-binding proteins, have been found to be associated with metastasis, poor prognosis, and other clinical characteristics in colorectal cancer (CRC), the third most diagnosed cancer. However, ANXA13 (encoding protein annexin A13), the original founder gene of the annexin A family, has not been studied carefully as a potential prognostic biomarker in CRC.MethodsThe protein level of annexin A13 was determined by western blot in a panel of CRC cell lines. Tumor cell invasion was determined by a Matrigel in vitro invasion assay in selected CRC cells with either upregulated (via plasmid transfection) or downregulated (via siRNA treatment) expression of ANXA13. The clinicopathological features and prognostic values associated with ANXA13 expression were also evaluated in a group of 125 CRC patients.ResultsANXA13 was expressed at a high level in HCT116 and HT29 cells but undetected or at a lower level in SW620, SW48, and Rko cells. CRC cell invasion was promoted by ANXA13 overexpression in SW620 or Rko cells and was reduced by ANXA13 downregulation in HCT116 or HT29 cells. In CRC patients, ANXA13 expression levels correlated with lymph node metastasis and were associated with poor overall survival.ConclusionsANXA13 is associated with CRC cell invasion in vitro, and with lymph node metastasis and poor survival in CRC patients. Our results indicate that ANXA13 can be exploited as a biomarker for its diagnostic and prognostic values.
Highlights
Over 1.3 million patients are diagnosed with colorectal cancer (CRC) and nearly 0.7 million die from the disease each year, accounting for the third most diagnosed cancer and the fourth-leading cause of cancer death worldwide [1]
CRC cell invasion was promoted by ANXA13 overexpression in SW620 or Rko cells and was reduced by ANXA13 downregulation in HCT116 or HT29 cells
In CRC patients, ANXA13 expression levels correlated with lymph node metastasis and were associated with poor overall survival
Summary
Over 1.3 million patients are diagnosed with colorectal cancer (CRC) and nearly 0.7 million die from the disease each year, accounting for the third most diagnosed cancer and the fourth-leading cause of cancer death worldwide [1]. The most important prognostic factor is the stage at diagnosis. In the United States, the 5-year relative survival rate is 90.3% for patients with localized stage, 70.4% with regional spread, but only 12.5% with distant spread [4]. Molecules identified to be involved in these pathogenic processes are likely associated with tumor clinicopathological features, disease prognosis, and www.impactjournals.com/oncotarget therapeutic response, and can be exploited as biomarkers. Such a group of molecules are annexins, a superfamily of calcium- and membrane-binding proteins that show altered expression pattern in various neoplasms [5, 6]
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