Abstract
The properties of nickel-ceramic composite electrodeposits are greatly influenced by the type and amount of ceramic particles in the deposit and the microstructure of the nickel matrix. In the present study, Ni-TiO 2 coatings were electroplated in the nickel sulfamate bath containing 50 g l −1 TiO 2. Results show that TiO 2 codeposited in nickel led to the formation of nanocrystalline nickel grains surrounding the TiO 2 particle and the increase in crystalline defects such as twins, dislocations and grain boundaries. These defects, on one hand, enhanced the hardness of the Ni-TiO 2 coating and, on the other hand, reduced the recrystallization temperature of nickel. Nevertheless, codeposited TiO 2 effectively inhibited the growth of recrystallized nickel grains. And yet, the hardness of the composite coating dropped drastically after annealing at temperatures higher than 600 °C due to the relatively large voids formed by the reaction of TiO 2 particles with nickel.
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