Análisis holístico de la comunicación interna y externa de los grupos castelleros

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Background: While it is recognized that multiple factors interact at different socioecological levels to influence cancer disparities, many of the proposed solutions to eliminating disparities have been narrowly focused on individual level factors. Social networks have been shown to influence health outcomes through various pathways, including shared social capital, social and cultural norms, risky behaviors, and the transmission of infectious diseases. Current research has shown how social networks influence health behavior; however there are still some critical gaps in this understanding. There is lack of data about social networks and the context in which individuals make decisions about their medical care and health behavior. The purpose of this study is to explore how certain sociocultural conditions influence the composition and nature of social networks structure; and how in turn these networks serve as mediating structures for certain psychosocial mechanisms that influence decisions about screening health behaviors. Methods: Social network analysis of egocentric networks was conducted to visualize the social networks of 65 African American, Latino, and Caucasian men and women. Descriptive statistics (e.g. frequencies, proportions, and means) will be produced to describe sample characteristics in terms of screening behaviors performed/not performed, network sizes, and flow of information. Bivariate statistics (e.g., Chi-square, Mc Nemar, t-tests, ANOVAs) will be computed to make comparisons on these variables by racial/ethnic group membership. Multivariate statistics will be computed to evaluate the impact of social network characteristics on screening practices, health decisions, and access to health care. Results: Our analysis allows us to describe the structural and compositional network characteristics that are related to prostate, breast, and colorectal cancer screening, and explore whether there is variation in the ways that social network characteristics influence cancer screening behaviors. Our analysis explores the structural and compositional measures of the network (e.g., size, density, strength of ties) and associations among sociocultural conditions, the composition and nature of social networks structure and how in turn these networks serve as mediating structures for certain psychosocial mechanisms that may influence decisions about cancer screening health behaviors. Conclusion: Social network analysis has the potential to provide measureable data to help characterize how individuals interact with and access cancer screening services and other key variables that impact health risk behaviors. Before evidenced-based, multi-level interventions can be developed to improve prostate, breast, and colorectal cancer screening, more scientific knowledge is needed about how interpersonal factors shape these screening behaviors. Citation Format: Essie Torres, Levi Ross, Jarrett Johnson. The feasibility of using social networks to understand the causal pathways of cancer disparities. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Sixth AACR Conference: The Science of Cancer Health Disparities; Dec 6–9, 2013; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2014;23(11 Suppl):Abstract nr A70. doi:10.1158/1538-7755.DISP13-A70

PurposeEffective internal communication is crucial for successful organisations as it affects the ability of strategic managers to engage employees and achieve objectives. This paper aims to help organisations improve internal communication by proposing theory with the potential to improve practice.Design/methodology/approachThis paper identifies gaps in the academic literature and addresses calls for discussion and definition of internal communication, for theory on its mandates, scope and focus and to counteract the tendency to treat employees as a uni‐dimensional “single public”. To address these gaps, internal communication is defined and positioned within the corporate communication school of thought.FindingsThe paper proposes an Internal Communication Matrix which could be used to supplement other forms of internal situational analysis and as an analytical tool which may be applied to the strategic analysis, planning and evaluation of internal communication.Practical implicationsStrategic communication practitioners are offered a fresh perspective from which to consider internal communication. The Internal Communication Matrix proposed here could be used to supplement other forms of internal situational analysis and as an analytical tool which may be applied to the strategic analysis, planning and evaluation of internal communication. The internal corporate communication concept offers a lens through which communicators can consider communication strategy and tactics.Originality/valueThis paper's theoretical contribution is significant as it addresses gaps in the literature on internal communication. It does this by conceptualising a multidimensional stakeholder approach summarised in the Internal Communication Matrix. This approach is significant since it broadens previous approaches. The paper introduces the concept of internal corporate communication and argues that it should be a key focus for corporate communication theory and practice as it concerns all employees.

This study explores the theoretical development of literature on “internal crisis communication strategies” particularly during and post COVID-19 pandemic. The study underlines the importance of internal communication management, particularly during the crisis and post-crisis, as crisis affects internal communication initially and external communication subsequently. Also, the field of internal crisis communication has become more relevant post-pandemic. Through Scopus database analysis, literature review, and news analysis, it identifies that “crisis response” is an emerging area of research that highlights the importance of crisis response in the internal communication strategies for the managers and leaders. Some identified themes such as “employee communication behavior” and “employee engagement” and, some unhighlighted themes such as “digital transformation”, “employee welfare or safety”, “management of human capital at the digital workplace”, “Emotional Artificial Intelligence”, “corporate travel management” and “cyberthreats and cyber-attacks” amidst crisis are yet to be extensively explored more in future. There is also a significant need for regular conduct of corporate training sessions at the organizational level and professional courses to teach internal business communication at the collegiate level. Moreover, the existing literature on internal crisis communication still lacks rigorous research to highlight the strategic development of internal communication amidst crisis. There is a need for more debate over the types of internal communication tactics employed to foster employee engagement and trust in crisis.

This dissertation aimed to investigate the relationships between corporate social responsibility (CSR) internal communication strategies, shared meaning of CSR, employee CSR engagement, and employee-organization relationships. Grounded in the organization-public relationship theory (OPR; Ledingham, 2003), the social exchange theory (Cropanzano & Mitchell, 2005), the four models of public relations (Grunig et al., 1995), the fully functioning society theory (Heath, 2006), and the literature on internal communication as well as CSR communication, this study aimed to test the effect of strategic internal CSR communication on the CSR shared-meaning creation. Also, this dissertation examined whether the shared meaning subsequently results in employee CSR engagement and positive employee-organization relationships. In this study, 719 full-time employees with CSR experience from diverse industries and different company sizes participated. Findings from this dissertation provided insight into the influence of internal CSR communication strategies in creating shared meaning, prompting employee CSR engagement, and cultivating employee-organization relationship. In particular, this study found that CSR information communication and involvement communication significantly enhanced employees’ perception of the shared meaning of CSR between them and the organization. Shared meaning, in turn, facilitated more employee CSR engagement and improved employee-organization relationship. CSR response communication, however, hindered the creation of the shared meaning of CSR between the organization and employees. The impact of CSR response communication is primarily on creating a transparent CSR communication environment, prompting employee CSR engagement, and advancing relationship management. The findings also indicated that CSR involvement communication and corporate storytelling contributed to viii transparent CSR communication, which subsequently fostered a quality relationship between employees and the organization. The shared meaning of CSR served as a mediator between the links of internal CSR communication strategies and employee CSR engagement and the associations between these strategies and employee-organization relationship cultivation. Furthermore, findings revealed that transparent CSR communication and employee CSR engagement bridged the association between internal CSR communication and relationship building. These findings provided theoretical and practical insights into CSR communication and relationship management.

Objective: The study aimed to identify and analyze internal marketing and internal communication strategies implemented by six leading Portuguese companies to promote employee happiness through corporate social responsibility (CSR) practices. Theoretical Framework: The study is grounded in internal marketing theory, which treats employees as internal customers, and internal communication, which bridges the relationship between companies and employees. Concepts like organizational happiness, employee well-being, and CSR were central, emphasizing their role in boosting organizational success. Method: A qualitative approach was adopted. Unstructured interviews were conducted with managers of six companies recognized for their exemplary management practices. Qualitative Content Analysis, combining data-driven and concept-driven coding, was used to analyze responses. Results and Discussion: Key findings revealed that internal marketing strategies focus on employee well-being, happiness, and commitment. Common actions included volunteering, employee recognition, work-life balance initiatives, and social support programs. Internal communication primarily served to inform, foster relationships, and spread organizational culture, using tools such as email, intranets, and face-to-face meetings. Challenges included geographical dispersion and leadership resistance. Research Implications: The study highlights the importance of aligning internal marketing and communication strategies to enhance employee satisfaction, well-being, and organizational performance, serving as a competitive advantage. Originality/Value: This research contributes practical insights into CSR-driven internal marketing and communication strategies, offering a framework for organizations to promote happiness and success in their internal environment.

The aim of the article is to analyze the Facebook pages of amalgamated territorial communities and elaborate recommendations for the effective use of Facebook for the presentation of a community. The results of the analysis. In recent years, social media social media usage is increasingly expanding. There are numerous programs such as Twitter, Facebook, LinkedIn, Pinterest, Google+, Instagram, etc. One of the special features of social media is that they can be used not only by individual users but also by educational institutions, enterprises, organizations, government structures, primarily as a communication platform. However, the use of social media for business and public authorities has its own peculiarities. P. Lachapelle emphasized that the use of social media and networking is significant as a community development tool in terms of building relationships, improving communications, documenting development efforts, sharing information in real time, informing and reaching a wider audience than it was possible at any time in the history. There is a lack of attention paid to the issue of using social networks by amalgamated territorial communities that have been formed in the process of power decentralization reforms in Ukraine. We have conducted a content analysis of 51 Facebook pages of rural amalgamated territorial communities of the Carpathian region. The time frame of content analysis was three months (November-December 2018). The analysis conducted shows that 37 communities created Facebook Page; 8 registered as Facebook Group (one of which is closed); 6 - as a personal user profile. The following groups of content on Facebook highlighted information about cultural events; greetings; information about community successes; activity of the administration/local authorities; information about competitions/grants; reposts; appeals of residents, household postings. The reposts of different nature (80%) were found to be the most frequently spread. The information about cultural events, which is posted on 39 of the 51 Facebook pages (76%), is the second most common information. To the same extent, postings about community success, greetings of workers and residents, and the like were posted on pages of 36 communities. In 65% of cases there was information about performance activities of the local authorities and officers of administration. The announcements were displayed on 27 Facebook pages of communities. It is worth emphasizing that for organizations it would be reasonable to create a Facebook Page not a Group or a personal Profile. That is why, if the local authority of the amalgamated territorial community decides to create a profile in a social network, then, firstly, there should be a specific goal - the presentation of the community. Secondly, it is necessary to appoint a specific person responsible for that. Finally, the information on the social network should be balanced. The messages should reflect the community livelihoods and such information ought to be focused on the community location. It is mandatory to provide the information about the community itself and mention its official page. Conclusions and direction for further research. First of all, a positive trend is the use of social media by amalgamated territorial communities. As stated in our content-analysis, two thirds of the communities have their active pages on Facebook. Generally, if a community is registered as the Facebook Page, this will bring more opportunities for the community to represent itself in a social network. In particular, the page is a public space that is indexed by search engines, allowing the creation of advertisements. It provides various options for setting contact information, moderating subscribers' messages, and also displays visiting statistics, etc. Nonetheless, the conducted analysis showed that a professional approach to the community presentation in the social network was not occurring frequently. Therefore, it is advisable for the amalgamated territorial community to develop a communication strategy in which the Facebook Page is one of the tools for its implementation and one of the channels for spreading information. Further research may be aimed at identifying the impact of social networks on community participation, how often residents use social networks and whether they trust information posted in social media. For amalgamated territorial community, it is also possible to conduct a research using various social media tools as to create and realize a communication strategy. Keywords: social networks, Facebook, amalgamated territorial communities, Carpathian region, rural areas. DOI: 10.15276/mdt.3.3.2019.5 Борисова Т. Інструменти інтернет-маркетингу некомерційних організацій України Маркетинг і цифрофі технології. 2017. Том 1 (№2). С. 54–76. Грищенко О., Нєшева А. Соціальний медіа маркетинг як інструмент просування продукту підприємства. Маркетинг і менеджмент інновацій. 2013. № 4. С. 86–98. Іваненко Л. Соціальні мережі як сучасний маркетинговий інструмент просування бренду. Економіка і організація управління. 2016. №3(23). С. 190–197. Ілляшенко С.М. Сайт наукового журналу як інструмент інтернет-маркетингу знань науково-освітніх установ. Маркетинг і цифрофі технології. 2017. Том 1 (№1). С. 6–19. Ілляшенко С.М. Сучасні тенденції застосування інтернет-технологій у маркетингу. Маркетинг і менеджмент інновацій. 2011. № 4. Том ІІ. С. 64–74. Костенко Н. В., Іванов В.Ф. Досвід контент-аналізу: Моделі та практики: монографія. К. Центр вільної преси, 2003. 141 с. URL: http://www.aup.com.ua/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/Dosvid-kontent-analizu.-Modeli-ta-praktiki.pdf. (дата звернення 11.01.2019). Курбан О. Соціальні мережі як інструмент у галузі PR. Вісник Книжкової палати. 2014. № 10. С. 1–3. Кусина О. А. Социальные сети как эффективный инструмент маркетинга в индустрии встреч. Креативная экономика. 2013. № 1 (73). С. 118–123. Соціально-економічне становище об’єднаних територіальних громад: Захід VS Центр: науково-аналітичне видання / Сторонянська І., Максименко А., Левицька О., Патицька Х., Сірик З. /ДУ «Інститут регіональних досліджень імені М. І. Долішнього НАН України». Львів. 2019. 64с. URL http://ird.gov.ua/irdp/p20190034.pdf. (дата звернення 11.01.2019). Чирун Л.В., Висоцька В.А. 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Purpose This paper aims to investigates the use of internal communications to foster workforce resilience in the cruise industry during a crisis. Drawing on the regulatory focus theory, this study explores how internal communication strategies can build employee resilience particularly at a time of difficulty. The regulatory focus theory explores the employee’s rationale for goal pursuit. Prevention-focused individuals are concerned with safety and responsibility while promotion-focused individuals focus on goal advancement. The authors seek to broaden the existing understanding of the application of the regulatory focus theory as a lens to inform internal communications crisis strategies. Design/methodology/approach Qualitative research using 15-semi structured interviews with cruise industry experts was undertaken during the pandemic. Applying a sensemaking and sense giving approach the researchers thematically analyzed the data in three stages, allowing for new theoretical insights to be uncovered. Findings The findings suggest that internal communication strategies should include prevention-focused messages emphasizing the cruise companies’ responsibility to employees, and promotion-focused communications, to include social interaction and individual growth opportunities. Originality/value This study’s contribution is three-fold. First, the authors extend the theoretical application of the regulatory focus theory to internal communication and identify a novel concurrent application of both prevention- and promotion-focused messages for developing a resilient workforce. Second, the authors introduce a preliminary conceptualization of an internal crisis communication strategy, emphasizing the concurrent application of prevention- and promotion-focused messages. Finally, the author offer practical suggestions for managing crisis communication strategies.

This study aims to analyze how the corporate identity and corporate communication strategies of RH Petrogas contribute to building the company's image, as well as how internal and external communication influence employees' understanding of the company's identity. Employing a qualitative approach with a case study method, the research reveals that while the company's external communication strategy has successfully built a positive reputation among stakeholders, internal communication still faces challenges in disseminating a consistent understanding of the company's values and philosophy to all employee levels. The findings indicate that many employees, particularly at the operational level, have not fully grasped the deeper meaning of the company's identity elements due to the lack of effective socialization and internal communication. Therefore, this study recommends improving the internal communication strategy to be more interactive and involve various organizational layers to enhance employees' comprehension and engagement with the company's corporate identity. To address these challenges, the study suggests that RH Petrogas should invest in more robust internal communication initiatives, such as implementing interactive forums, regular town hall meetings, and tailored training programs to ensure the company's values, philosophy, and identity are consistently understood and embraced by all employees across the organization. This is crucial for ensuring all employees can understand and internalize the company's corporate identity, enabling them to contribute more effectively in building the company's positive image among stakeholders.

The idea to investigate the communication of the Council of Lithuania first came up after analysing the process of the representation of the Council of Lithuania from 21 September 1917 to 11 November 1918 and realising that internal and external communication was closely intertwined and each was important in its own way. The analysis of the communication of the Council of Lithuania is important for several reasons. Firstly, it helps to identify internal and external communication channels and to understand their role in establishing and maintaining close contacts with the local and foreign public; secondly, it provides an opportunity to see the actual scope of activities pursued by the Council of Lithuania and its Presidium, and, thirdly, it sheds light on the specificities of the functioning of the little-studied administrative apparatus of the Council of Lithuania. The aim of the study is to examine internal and external communication channels of the Council of Lithuania and to reveal the specificities of their functioning (21 September 1917–11 November 1918). To that end, the research made use of published (collections of documents, information in the press) and unpublished sources stored at the Lithuanian Central State Archives, the Manuscripts Department of the Wroblewski Library of the Lithuanian Academy of Sciences, the Political Archive of the German Foreign Office, and studies by historians and legal historians. The research covers the chronological period from 21 September 1917 to 11 November 1918, i.e., from the election of the Council of Lithuania during the Vilnius Conference (18– 23 September 1917) to the formation of the Provisional Government of Lithuania. Methods of qualitative analysis and synthesis (the new material of the sources was supplemented with the information circulating in historiography), the comparative method (the facts from Lithuanian and German archives and the press are compared), the descriptive and inductive methods were employed. To process the primary sources in Lithuanian and German languages, the logical-analytical method (analysis of the notional content and information) was applied. The research revealed that external and internal communication of the Council of Lithuania was the responsibility of the Presidium of the Council of Lithuania. Its members organised and coordinated internal communication through the head of the Central Office. The members of the Council of Lithuania used to communicate among themselves and with the members of the Presidium and exchanged information at official plenary sessions, verbally and in writing, by phone and telegraph. In exceptional cases, authorised persons and delegations served as intermediaries. Most problems in internal communication used to arise from the failure to provide information in writing (copies of documents not prepared, forwarded, or delivered in time) and belated invitations to the plenary sittings during the sessions of the Council of Lithuania. The members of the Presidium and the heads of the commissions and administrative divisions of the Council of Lithuania used to communicate and exchange information verbally (at sittings and meetings) and in writing (through letters, documentation). All direct and indirect channels available at that time were utilised for the Council’s external communication with local and foreign public, Lithuanians abroad, and German civil and military administration: (1) direct channels include visits to the Secretariat of the Council of Lithuania during the publicly- announced reception hours established by the members of the Presidium and the members of the commissions of the Council of Lithuania, meetings of the members of the Council of Lithuania with Lithuanian residents, their organisations, and the representatives of the German Military Administration in Lithuania (Militärverwaltung Litauen), conferences abroad, reception of the delegates (authorised representatives) of Lithuanians living abroad or delegations; (2) indirect channels comprise newspapers (they used to print reception hours, minutes of sittings, and other important information), letters and telegrams, and special information publications (Bėgamosios Lietuvos Tarybos žinios).

This study is the fourth in a series where forms of communication and communicative resources have been investigated in relation to the teacher's way of acting and communicating in different teaching situations. The focus is now on how different communicative strategies affect the students' opportunities for knowledge and physical learning, as well as whether the instructor's choice of communication strategy has an effect on what the students actually learn. The study has the research question "How does the teacher's choice of communication forms and communicative resources affect the students' understanding and opportunities for learning crafts?"Communication theory is the starting point for the study. More specifically, mastery, the importance of the learning goal, the dialog of the process, digital craft instructions, "the common third" and teachers' approach are covered.The study is based on three different strategies: digital instruction only, instruction through fictional communication, and instruction through concrete guidance. The three strategies were used during two teaching sessions with the same craft technique, but with different products. The lessons were recorded with video. The experience is analyzed with several different focuses; introduction and instruction (lärarnas resp. den digitala), the two lärarnas' actions during the students' work, as well as the students' level of mastery. The analysis of the students' degree of mastery was done with a focus on three parts of the craft process - cutting with scissors, filing/sanding and enameling. The analysis included the development that had taken place in the pupils' craft skills during the two lessons.The study showed that the choice of teaching strategy – i.e. the didactic decisions regarding the form of communication and communicative resources – plays a decisive role in teaching situations where instruction is given to enable learning in a craft. On the one hand, the lärarhantverket, i.e. the teacher's own craft skills and how it is expressed in the teaching context, is of great importance for the students' learning opportunities. In part, a clear connection emerged between specified learning objectives and learning outcomes, where the different forms of instruction led to different focuses on process and/or product production.The study highlights the importance of the interplay between learning objectives, the choice of instructional and communication form, the instructional situation itself and the role of the lärarhantverket – factors which together affect the individual student's learning opportunities.

The University Computing Centre (SRCE) established its presence on Internet based social networks in November 2009, namely on Facebook. Soon after, SRCE become present on Twitter, Google+, YouTube, LinkedIn and foursquare. Maintaining the presence and communication on social networks was initially one of the activities carried out by the SRCE Helpdesk service. However, as a result of the growing workload and responsibilities of the Helpdesk, a new service was established only for activities related to social networks. This paper discuses the communication strategy used by SRCE on social networks. The authors examined different web based tools and services to gather information about Internet users who follow SRCE's activities on different social network. A data analysis shows that the initial goals SRCE set in 2009 related to its communication strategy on social networks have been fulfilled. This data will also be used as a starting point for reconsideration of the existing communication strategy. With the emergence of new popular social networks there might be a need for expansion.

Research on social networks in the field of fashion franchises reveals a need for guidelines in communication management that serve the development of efficient digital communication strategies following the relational and collaborative paradigm. To this end, this research aims to infer the features of the communication strategy of one of the most internationally representative brands in the analysed sector: Zara. The methodology proposed is descriptive and combines the bibliographic review with a quantitative content analysis to study the evolution of the brand’s communication strategy. The results reveal a clearly defined adaptative strategy which, together with the results obtained in terms of user interaction, validate it as a reference model. Finally, a series of guidelines for communication management on Facebook for fashion brands aimed at stakeholders with a similar profile to those of the analysed brand is proposed.

The article is devoted to the topical issues of strengthening the brand’s communication strategy with content planning tools on the X platform (Twitter). Taking into account the instability of the conditions in which business entities in Ukraine have to work now, the communication strategy should be as flexible as possible, the communication channels should be chosen with the lowest costs and efficiency. The use of digital communication channels, such as social networks, in particular the X platform, significantly helps in this. The issue of strengthening the brand’s communication strategy by planning content on the X platform is insufficiently studied and substantiated. Indicators of audience interaction with social network content and their optimization in comparison with reference indicators require more in-depth research. In addition, it is worth paying attention to the issue of content as such, planning the optimal content of the brand page, which will allow to increase the involvement of audiences and increase their commitment to the brand. The effectiveness of the brand’s communication strategy in social media, the return on investment depends not on individual publications, but on the general impression and reputation that brands create as a whole. Here, the content, i.e. the content or content of the brand’s social media, becomes especially relevant. Content is relevant information or a unique experience aimed at a brand’s audience to convey a communication appeal. The purpose of the study is to systematize and improve current approaches to strengthening the brand’s communication strategy by planning content on the X platform. Marketers are constantly inventing their own content planning practices on the X platform that can be incorporated into a brand’s communication strategy. The article systematizes tools for paid placement of the content of the studied social network. The concept of content effectiveness is defined, the importance of comparing it with competitors and making appropriate adjustments is emphasized. Practical approaches to content planning on the X platform are proposed in order to strengthen the brand’s communication strategy.