Abstract

Analizar la efectividad de un protocolo antiemético en pacientes que reciben quimioterapia. Estudio prospectivo en pacientes con tumores sólidos con quimioterapia en el hospital de día de Oncología entre enero 2006–2007. Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica analizando las recomendaciones de guías de práctica clínica. Se calculó el potencial emetógeno según nivel Hesketh (NH), estableciendo la premedicación antiemética de cada esquema. Se evaluó la efectividad de un protocolo antiemético mediante una encuesta como método de medida de episodios eméticos y náuseas en fase aguda y retardada. Ciento setenta y dos pacientes cumplimentaron la encuesta, 13,4% vomitaron en fase aguda y 16,9% en retardada, mediana número de veces 2 (1 – 8) y 1 (1 – 5) respectivamente. Con esquemas NH 4 – 5 18,5% experimentaron vómitos en fase aguda y 20,2% en retardada; náuseas en fase aguda 46% y 38,4% en retardada. El control de vómitos en pacientes con esquemas NH=1 – 3 fue del 100% en fase aguda y de 91,7% en retardada; notificaron náuseas un 27% en fase aguda y 31% en retardada. Los factores que más contribuyeron a la presencia de vómitos y náuseas fueron potencial emetógeno (p < 0,05), vómitos en ciclo anterior (p < 0,05) y edad<50 (p < 0,002). La pauta propuesta es eficaz en el control de vómitos para esquemas NH = – 3. En esquemas altamente emetógenos, el protocolo antiemético es también eficaz aunque la protección no es completa. Este protocolo parece no ser tan efectivo en el control de náuseas, aunque este es un síntoma subjetivo de valoración compleja que no se mide de forma sistemática en ensayos clínicos. To analyse the effectiveness of an antiemetic protocol in patients receiving chemotherapy treatment. Prospective study in patients with solid tumours receiving chemotherapy in an oncology day hospital between January 2006 and 2007. We conducted a literature review and an evaluation of the recommendations of different clinical practice guidelines. The emetogenic potential was calculated according to the Hesketh level (HL), and the antiemetic premedication was determined for each regimen. We evaluated the effectiveness of an antiemetic protocol by using a survey as a method for measuring emetic episodes and nausea in the acute and delayed phases. 172 patients completed the survey. 13.4% vomited in the acute phase and 16.9% in the delayed phase; the median number of times was 2 (1–8) and 1 (1–5) for each respective phase. With treatment regimens classed as HL 4-5, 18.5% experienced vomiting in the acute phase and 20.2% in the delayed phase, with 46% experiencing nausea in the acute phase and 38.4% in the delayed phase. Control of vomiting in patients with treatment regimens classed as HL 1-3 was 100% in acute phase and 91.7% in the delayed phase; nausea was reported by 27% in the acute phase and 31% in the delayed phase. The factors that contributed the most to the presence of vomiting and nausea were the emetogenic potential of the treatment regimen (p<0.05), vomiting in the previous cycle (p<0.05) and age younger than 50 years (p<0.002). The proposed antiemetic protocol is effective for controlling vomiting in chemotherapy regimens with an HL of 1-3. For highly emetogenic regimens, the antiemetic protocol is also effective, but protection is not complete. This protocol seems less effective for controlling nausea, although this is a subjective symptom which is difficult to assess and not routinely measured in clinical trials.

Full Text
Paper version not known

Talk to us

Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have

Schedule a call

Disclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.