Abstract
Historically human being exist in harmony with their environment. However, the current rapid urbanization, industrialization and expansion of different economic activities were lead to contamination of environmental resources. Hence, the aim of this study was determining the level of heavy metal contamination of soil in garage and auto-mechanical workshops and comparing with existing national and international standards so as to now the impact they had on human being and environment. To achieve objectives, a total of 36 soil sample were collected form 0–15, 15–30 and 30–45 cm soil depth using calibrated auger. Three control soil samples were also collected from undisturbed area for comparison of the result so as to know the level of pollution. The concentration of heavy metal in soil samples were determined using atomic absorption spectrometer and calculation of their contamination factor, geo-accumulation index and pollution load index were done using SPSS version 20.0. To check variability of the pollutant under different service year of garage and soil depth, correlation analysis and analysis of variance were tested at α (alpha) = 0.05 significance level. The result of study showed that the overall mean concentrations of the heavy metals viz. chromium (Cr), lead (Pb), nickel (Ni), cadmium (Cd) and cobalt (CO) were 290.1, 782.1, 443.6, 133.1 and 331.0 ppm respectively which is extremely higher than US EPA and EU regulation standards. The value of contamination factor and degree of contamination indicated that the study area is considerably polluted by heavy metals under investigation and hence require urgent remedial action for its reclamation.
Highlights
IntroductionThe current rapid rate of industrialization and urbanization (Jiang et al 2013) and economic activities like mining (Navarro et al 2008), agriculture (Vaalgamaa and Conley 2008; Syed et al 2012), industries and transportation (Jaradat et al 2005; David and Sunday 2012) leads to contamination of environmental resources due to huge amount of waste they generate
Historically human beings live in harmony with their natural environment
The mean organic matter content of the soil within study area was about 48.8 ± 11.5 and it vary in their concentration between samples (Table 1) and across the three soil sampling depth (Fig. 2)
Summary
The current rapid rate of industrialization and urbanization (Jiang et al 2013) and economic activities like mining (Navarro et al 2008), agriculture (Vaalgamaa and Conley 2008; Syed et al 2012), industries and transportation (Jaradat et al 2005; David and Sunday 2012) leads to contamination of environmental resources due to huge amount of waste they generate. The current rapid urbanization, industrialization and expansion of different economic activities were lead to contamination of environmental resources. The aim of this study was determining the level of heavy metal contamination of soil in garage and auto-mechanical workshops and comparing with existing national and international standards so as to the impact they had on human being and environment
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