Abstract

The dynamics of the normal zone initiated by a local heat pulse in a superconductor carrying a transport current is studied theoretically. An approximate method is considered, from which analytical formulae are obtained for the minimum heat pulse energy E c required to destroy the superconductivity. The method described allows analytical results for E c available up to now to be generalized and also new ones to be obtained. Different models of Joule self-heating in a superconductor are considered. Analytical formulae for the dependencies of the quench energy E c on the current density j are obtained for one-, two- and three-dimensional heat propagation under adiabatic conditions. The influence of heat transfer to the coolant on the quench energy E c is discussed. The analytical results are confirmed by a direct numerical simulation of the normal zone dynamics. The results obtained may be of importance for studying the cryostability of both conventional and high-temperature superconductors.

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