Abstract

Empirically derived analytic formulae for estimation of dose delivered along the central ray by conventional diagnostic x‐ray procedures are presented. The formulae are based on a computational model employing tissue–air ratios along the central axis of beams with 2.5 and 3.5 mm Al filtration, and for 3φ waveform (15% ripple) throughout the range from 70 to 120 kVp.

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