Abstract
This paper introduces a water turbine which is used to recycle rich energy for hydraulic cooling towers. That cooling tower’s head are from a few meters to more than ten meters, and mass flow is from 300t/h to 1300t/h. The water turbine has a small radius size, a long and narrow flow passage and higher velocity, so the hydraulic loss in spiral casing and stay vane is too high to decrease the hydraulic efficiency. To decrease hydraulic loss, three diversion components with different spiral casing and stay vanes are introduced. When the radial dimension of the spiral casing is same, the double-spiral casing with the same rectangle section, a spiral casing with same rectangle section and stay vane, and a common spiral casing according to the same circumferential velocity rules are designed. The simulation results show that the hydraulic efficiency of the water turbine for same rectangle section spiral casing and stay vane is highest, and that for constant circumferential velocity spiral casing is lowest in low mass flow zone. In the high mass flow zone, hydraulic efficiency for double-spiral casing with same rectangle section is highest, and that for same rectangle section spiral casing is lowest. The double spiral casing is better than that with constant circumferential velocity for this micro Kaplan turbine.
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