Abstract
This article focuses on the effect of under-frequency load shedding with renewable energy for isolated systems. Therefore, this article will apply PSS/E software to simulate the operating characteristics of an off-island system connected to battery energy storage in parallel in order to determine energy storage capacity. Wind energy operation and case analysis are used to integrate the systems that can improve under-frequency influence, in order to determine appropriate storage and AC–DC inverter capacities. First, the wind power generation data of isolated systems of 2011, 2012, and 2013 are used to estimate the storage and inverter capacities for 1, 2, 6, 12, and 24 h daily. With the above data of about 900 days, Gaussian distribution is applied to analyze the frequencies, sizes, accumulated probabilities, and other factors. Second, the annual electricity sales of isolated systems are used to determine more economic capacities for the battery storage energy and inverter. Finally, the economic analysis of the four cases is conducted, according to PSS/E software analysis, in order to determine the optimal capacity for battery energy storage devices and inverter.
Highlights
The off-island power system in Taiwan is a small isolated system, which is characterized by diesel generators and a maximum voltage of 22.8 kV
The island power system scale is too small, and the unit capacity of diesel of the Tashan Power Plant accounts for a high proportion of the total system load at present; the under-frequency load shedding relay may be actuated and trip the feeder when any unit trips, resulting in power loss and public discontent
This study aims to solve underfrequency load shedding in the case of unit trip during off-peak hours
Summary
The off-island power system in Taiwan is a small isolated system, which is characterized by diesel generators and a maximum voltage of 22.8 kV. In this article, existing wind generating sets with appropriate energy storage (battery) are used to calculate active power capacity (MW) and electric energy capacity (MWh) in order to solve current system problems. The performances of off-island wind power generation in 2011, 2012, and 2013, as well as the cumulative number, are used to evaluate energy storage (battery) capacity. The aforesaid wind turbine performance is used to determine the daily maximum capacity of energy storage and bidirectional AC–DC inverter power in 2011, 2012, and 2013. This section uses the analysis and statistical results of the previous section and considers wind power generation performance to design the optimal capacity, including the off-island system power consumption, battery life, and inverter capacity.
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