Analysis of the surplus of nutrients in ration of lactating cows with different methods of housing

Abstract

Complete feeding is one of the most important factors that ensure the success of breeding work; it is the basis for increasing the productivity of animals, improving existing and breeding new breeds and types. In order to obtain high productivity from animals in accordance with their genetic potential it is necessary to ensure that animals consume more dry matter in rations with a variety of high-quality feed with a high concentration of energy and nutrients in the dry matter. The purpose of the research was to study the nutritional value of feeding rations in breeding farm with different technologies of cows housing in accordance with the feeding standards. The experiment has been carried out in the breeding farm of CJSC “Azovskoye” in the Azov district in the Omsk region. The results of studies of the ration of lactating cows of Red Steppe breed with a live weight of 500–550 kg and a daily milk yield of 19,5 kg of milk with different methods of housing (tie-up housing and free-stall housing) have been presented. It has been established that the farm ration did not provide for the specifics of the housing technology and consists of energy, protein and expensive feed with insufficient content of carbohydrates and macro elements (phosphorus). The proposed ration takes into account the peculiarities of the technology of animals housing, equalizes the indicators of the sugar-protein ratio, as well as phosphorus to calcium by reducing concentrated, coarse feed and introducing grain molasses, as well as phosphorus additives. The balanced ration provides for a large energy output of 9,97 MJ and prevents a number of possible metabolic diseases in the body associated with a violation in the feeding system of lactating cows.