ANALYSIS OF THE CAPER METHOD (BEGINNING READING) IN BASIC LITERATURE EDUCATION IN THE LEARNING HOUSE OF PERGULAAN VILLAGE

The purpose of this study was to find out the role of Islamic scholars and the community in supervising the development of tourism spots in the pantai Cermin area, Serdang Bedagai Regency. In this study, the researcher used a descriptive qualitative method, by obtaining direct data from informants who represented all sources regarding the role of Islamic scholars and the community in supervising tourist attractions in the pantai Cermin area, Serdang Bedagai Regency. The purpose of the researchers chose this research method because it was based on the objectives and research problems. The data collection techniques used in this study were interview techniques and observation techniques. The results of this study are the role of the clergy at the pantai cermin in supervising tourist attractions related to religious norms in pantai Cermin district, Serdang Bedagai Regency.What the clergy did was just to appeal and there were no sanctions or punishments imposed on violators of the norms who visited these tourist spots, especially in the pantai Cermin area, Serdang Bedagai Regency. Likewise with the surrounding community, especially those who live in coastal tourism areas, they lack supervision or urge tourists not to violate religious norms, both in terms of the visiting hours of tourists who come to the beaches on the pantai cermin, Serdang Bedagai.Pantai cermin is the majority of the population who are Muslim and uphold religious values. Therefore, the clergy and the community should mutually maintain order in the beach so as to avoid unwanted incidents. As a source of community empowerment, there are also factors that hinder the community from conducting surveillance on tourist objects in the sub-district of pantai Cermin, namely because there are several beaches that are managed privately where some people who sell at these tourist attractions do not dare to participate in supervising them for fear of not being able to trade. On these beaches such as sustainable Bali beaches, Pondok Indah beaches, etc. Lack of professional public awareness in carrying out supervision. Some people still don't care about supervision.

The aim of this research is to analyze the impact of the Family Hope Program (PKH) social assistance on the welfare of the population in Sei Rampah District, Serdang Bedagai Regency; to examine the influence of PKH mentoring on the welfare of the population in Sei Rampah District, Serdang Bedagai Regency; to assess the impact of PKH facility services on the welfare of the population in Sei Rampah District, Serdang Bedagai Regency; and to investigate the influence of complementary assistance programs within PKH on the welfare of the population in Sei Rampah District, Serdang Bedagai Regency. The quantitative analysis method was employed, utilizing multiple regression analysis to address the first, second, third, and fourth research problem formulations. The hypothesis testing involved R2, F-test, and t-test. The findings of this study are as follows: 1) The social assistance variable has a positive and significant impact on the welfare of the population in Sei Rampah District, Serdang Bedagai Regency; 2) The mentoring variable has a positive and significant impact on the welfare of the population in Sei Rampah District, Serdang Bedagai Regency; 3) The facility services variable has a positive and significant impact on the welfare of the population in Sei Rampah District, Serdang Bedagai Regency; and 4) The complementary assistance variable has a positive and significant impact on the welfare of the population in Sei Rampah District, Serdang Bedagai Regency.

Latar Belakang: Kehamilan remaja merupakan fenomena internasional yang masih belum terselesaikan. Berdasarkan hasil Riskesdas (2018) proporsi remaja usia 10-19 tahun yang pernah hamil sejumlah 58,8 persen dan yang sedang hamil anak pertama 25,2 persen, usia rata-rata ibu yang hamil pertama kali adalah pada usia 18 tahun yakni 46 persen, dimana terjadi perbedaan angka didaerah pedesaan lebih tinggi (51 persen) dibandingkan dengan daerah perkotaan. Hasil SDKI (2017) menunjukkan 7 persen wanita umur 15-19 tahun sudah menjadi ibu, 5 persen sudah pernah melahirkan dan 2 persen sedang hamil anak pertama. Tujuan: Untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh edukasi menggunakan media kartu kuartet terhadap pengetahuan tentang kehamilan remaja di SMA Negeri 1 Bintang Bayu Kecamatan Bintang Bayu Kabupaten Serdang Bedagai Tahun 2024. . Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode quasi experiment dengan desain Pretest-Post test with control group design. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah semua remaja yang ada Di SMA Negeri 1 Bintang Bayu Kecamatan Bintang Bayu Kabupaten Serdang Bedagai kelas X dan kelas X1 berjumlah 157 orang. Besar sampel penelitian menggunakan rumus Lemeshow yaitu 30 orang. Lokasi Penelitian dilakukan di SMA Negeri 1 Bintang Bayu Kecamatan Bintang Bayu Kabupaten Serdang Bedagai dilakukan pada bulan Mei- Juni 2024. Hasil: Hasil uji statistik dengan uji Mann-withney didapatkan hasil untuk P Value = 0,000 artinya p < 0,05. Kesimpulan: Terdapat Pengaruh Edukasi Menggunakan Media Kartu Kuartet Terhadap Pengetahuan Tentang Kehamilan Remaja Di SMA Negeri 1 Bintang Bayu Kecamatan Bintang Bayu Kabupaten Serdang Bedagai. Diharapkan kerjasama dengan tenaga kesehatan dalam pemberian Edukasi Menggunakan Media Kartu Kuartet Terhadap Pengetahuan Kehamilan Remaja. Background: Teenage pregnancy is an international phenomenon that has yet to be resolved. Based on the results of Riskesdas (2018), the proportion of teenagers aged 10-19 years who have ever been pregnant is 58.8 percent and those who are pregnant with their first child are 25.2 percent, the average age of mothers who are pregnant for the first time is 18 years, which is 46 percent, where there is a difference in figures in rural areas which is higher (51 percent) compared to urban areas. The results of the SDKI (2017) showed that 7 percent of women aged 15-19 years have become mothers, 5 percent have given birth and 2 percent are pregnant with their first child. Objective: To evaluate the effect of education using quartet card media on knowledge about teenage pregnancy at SMA Negeri 1 Bintang Bayu, Bintang Bayu District, Serdang Bedagai Regency in 2024. . Method: This study uses a quasi-experimental method with a Pretest-Post test with control group design. The population in this study were all adolescents at SMA Negeri 1 Bintang Bayu, Bintang Bayu District, Serdang Bedagai Regency, class X and class X1 totaling 157 people. The sample size of the study used the Lemeshow formula, which was 30 people. The location of the study was conducted at SMA Negeri 1 Bintang Bayu, Bintang Bayu District, Serdang Bedagai Regency in May-June 2024. Results: The results of the statistical test with the Mann-Whitney test obtained results for P Value = 0.000, meaning p <0.05. Conclusion: There is an Effect of Education Using Quartet Card Media on Knowledge of Adolescent Pregnancy at SMA Negeri 1 Bintang Bayu, Bintang Bayu District, Serdang Bedagai Regency. Cooperation with health workers is expected in providing Education Using Quartet Card Media on Knowledge of Adolescent Pregnancy.

Latar Belakang: Penelitian di Amerika menunjukkan 9,514,5% anak mulai lahir sampai usia - tahun di Amerika mengalami masalah psikososial yang berdampak negatif terhadap mereka (Cooper, 2009 dalam penelitian Subandi 2012). Angka kejadian gangguan motorik halus pada anak prasekolah di Amerika Serikat berkisar 12-16%, Thailand 24%, Argentina 22%, dan di Indonesia antara 13%-18%. Tujuan: Untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh yoga terhadap perkembangan motorik halus dan motorik kasar pada balita di UPTD Puskesmas Sipispis Kabupaten Serdang Bedagai Tahun 2024. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode quasi experiment dengan desain Pretest-Post test with control group. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah semua balita yang dibawa ibunya untuk melakukan kunjungan pemeriksaan tumbuh kembang di UPTD Puskesmas Sipispis Kabupaten Serdang Bedagai. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling berjumlah 44 balita 22 responden menjadi kelompok intervensi dan 22 responden menjadi kelompok kontrol. Lokasi Penelitian dilakukan di UPTD Puskesmas Sipispis Jalan Dusun II Desa Serbananti Kecamatan Sipispis Kabupaten Serdang Bedagai Provinsi Sumatera Utara. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Mei- Juni 2024. Hasil: Dilakukan uji Mann-Whitney pada kedua kelompok didapatkan hasil untuk P Value = 0,010 artinya p < 0,05, artinya H0 ditolak dan Ha diterima. Kesimpulan: Terdapat pengaruh yoga Terhadap Perkembangan Motorik Halus dan Motorik Kasar pada Balita di UPTD Puskesmas Sipispis Kabupaten Serdang Bedagai Provinsi Sumatera Utara Tahun 2024. Diharapkan agar tenaga kesehatan melakukan sosialisasi keefektifan metode Yoga untuk meningkatkan Perkembangan Motorik Halus dan Motorik Kasar Balita. Background: Research in America shows that 9,514.5% of children from birth to - years old in America experience psychosocial problems that have a negative impact on them (Cooper, 2009 in Subandi's 2012 study). The incidence of fine motor disorders in preschool children in the United States ranges from 12-16%, Thailand 24%, Argentina 22%, and in Indonesia between 13% -18%. Objective: To evaluate the effect of yoga on the development of fine and gross motor skills in toddlers at the UPTD Sipispis Health Center, Serdang Bedagai Regency in 2024. Method: This study used a quasi-experimental method with a Pretest-Post test with control group design. The population in this study were all toddlers brought by their mothers to visit for growth and development checks at the UPTD Sipispis Health Center, Serdang Bedagai Regency. Sampling using purposive sampling totaled 44 toddlers, 22 respondents became the intervention group and 22 respondents became the control group. The research location was conducted at the UPTD Sipispis Health Center, Jalan Dusun II, Serbananti Village, Sipispis District, Serdang Bedagai Regency, North Sumatra Province. The study was conducted in May-June 2024. Results: The Mann-Whitney test was carried out on both groups, the results for P Value = 0.010, meaning p <0.05, meaning H0 was rejected and Ha was accepted. Conclusion: There is an effect of yoga on the Development of Fine Motor and Gross Motor Skills in Toddlers at the UPTD Sipispis Health Center, Serdang Bedagai Regency, North Sumatra Province in 2024. It is hoped that health workers will socialize the effectiveness of the Yoga method to improve the Development of Fine Motor and Gross Motor Skills in Toddlers.

The focus of this research is a review of muamalah jurisprudence on employee wage practices in tempe businesses in Penggalangan Village, Sei Bamban District, Serdang Bedagai Regency, by raising two main issues, namely 1) how to implement wage payments between owners and employees in tempe businesses in Penggalangan Village, Sei Bamban District, Regency. Serdang Bedagai? 2) What is Fiqih Muamalah's review of employee wage practices in the tempe business in Penggalangan Village, Sei Bamban District, Serdang Bedagai Regency? The approach used in this research is a qualitative-descriptive approach, namely collecting data by means of interviews, observation and documentation. This research is qualitative, namely research carried out by collecting primary data and secondary data on phenomena that are occurring directly. The primary data from this research is the business owner and three workers in the tempe business in Penggalangan Village, Sei Bamban District, Serdang Bedagai Regency. And the secondary data in this research are books, journals, government publications, and other supporting sites or sources. The results of the research show that the mechanism used in the tempe business in Penggalangan Village, Sei Bamban District, Serdang Bedagai Regency is carried out by means of a verbal agreement, with the contents of the agreement stating that the salary is given in the form of a monthly salary with working hours starting from 07.00-17.00 WIB with a salary of Rp. 750,000 per month. If there is additional work outside the specified time, the business owner will provide an additional salary of Rp. 10,000 per hour. The workers have fulfilled their agreement, but the business owner has not fulfilled what was stated in the verbal agreement, namely not paying wages outside the agreed working hours. Based on the reality of the implementation of the agreement in the tempe business in Penggalangan Village, Sei Bamban District, Serdang Bedagai Regency, in terms of muamalah fiqh, it is contrary to what was agreed (default). It is mentioned in the hadith narrated by Ibnu Maja Rasulullah Saw, who said, which means "give a worker his wages before his sweat dries", based on the hadith narrated by Ibnu Maja Rasulullah Saw, the tempe business owner did not fulfill his agreement, namely not providing additional wages outside the specified working hours. A Muslim must carry out all transactions in a clear, transparent and fair manner.

The aim of this research is to: 1) analyze the implementation of the Village Information System in Pegajahan District, Pegajahan District, Serdang Bedagai Regency, and 2) analyze the influence of the Village Information System in supporting the acceleration of village development in Pegajahan District, Pegajahan District, Serdang Bedagai District. Research was carried out in Pegajahan District, Serdang Bedagai Regency regarding the Effect of Using Village Information Systems (SID) in Supporting the Acceleration of Village Development in Pegajahan District, Serdang Bedagai Regency. The analytical method used in this research is multiple regression analysis, with a total of 99 respondents. The research results showed that the implementation of the Village Information System in Pegajahan District, Serdang Bedagai Regency went very well because it was in a very positive area based on score interpretation. The Human Resources variable (X1) has an average total value of 3.94. The infrastructure variable (X2) has an average total value of 4.00. The institutional and budget variables (X3) have an average total value of 4.00. The IT service variable (X4) has an average total value of 4.06. The influence of the Village Information System which includes the variables Human Resources (X1), facilities/infrastructure (X2), institutions and budget (X3), and IT services (X4) has a positive and significant influence on the acceleration of village development in Pegajahan District, Serdang Bedagai Regency.

Improving the quality and quantity of infrastructure leading to agricultural production centers will increase the economic activities of the community. The more stable infrastructure of agricultural centers will facilitate access to the location, more competitive prices, and more guaranteed quality so that it will increase agricultural production and productivity as well as the income and welfare of the community, especially farmers. The contribution of Serdang Bedagai’s agricultural and plantation sectors is so large that it is only natural that the priority of infrastructure development is the construction of roads and bridges to facilitate the mobility of agricultural products. This study was conducted to provide additional perspectives and references on the importance of infrastructure in improving the welfare and income of rice farmers in Serdang Bedagai regency. This study employs quantitative approaches. The investigation took place within Serdang Bedagai Regency, Sumatera Utara Province by distributing questionnaires to respondents, namely 96 farmers. Respondents were farmers representing 17 sub-districts. The findings indicated that infrastructure development positively and significantly influences the income of farmers producing the main commodities in the Serdang Bedagai area. Furthermore, it is shown that road conditions (X) have an impact of 47.4% on the income (Y) of major commodity farmers in the Serdang Bedagai regency.

The Serdang Bedagai Regency chosen as the research site based on the grounds that the Serdang Bedagai Regency is an area of cassava production center of the second largest in North Sumatra. The formulation of problem in this study were : 1) describing the current state of cassava development in Serdang Bedagai Regency, includes the development of farming and processing industry, market prospects, potential and investment opportunities and policy support. 2) What are the external and internal factors that effect the development of cassava at Serdang Bedagai Regency. 3) What is the right strategy for the development of cassava at Serdang Bedagai Regency. This study uses observations with a research instrument by questionnaires and interviews to collect primary and secondary data. This research is descriptive. The are 5 respondents namely: Head of Department of Agriculture, Kasubdis Production, Agricultural Extension, Chairman of Farmers Group, and academics who were in the area of Serdang Bedagai Regency. Data analyzed using the SWOT analysis to find the right alternative strategies in order development of cassava as raw materials and processed food industry at Serdang Bedagai Regency. The research results obtained the alternative strategies of cassava development strategy priorities are: improve the quality of human resource farmers (STAS mean = 5,840 ), the cassava farmers establish cooperatives as a means of outreach, education, the introduction of technology and access to capital (average STAS = 5,777), conducting the education and training for farmers to increase their knowledge and mastery of technology (STAS mean = 5,774), utilizing the budget autonomy to increase cassava production so as to meet the needs of industry (STAS mean = 5,735), expanding the cassava growing areas (STAS mean = 5,673), the cooperation of the industry in the capital and marketing of cassava farming (STAS mean = 5,571), increasing the intensification of cassava farming in order quality can be competitive and profitable (STAS mean = 5,441), promoting the use of seedlings (clones) excel (STAS mean = 5,263). Keywords : strategic management, strategic factor, matrix IFAS, QSPM

This study aims to determine the Bawaslu Strategy in Preventing Money Politics Practices in the 2024 Election in Serdang Bedagai Regency. The interesting thing in this study is because the phenomenon of money politics is increasingly rampant during the democratic party even though there is an election supervisory body (Bawaslu) whose job is to supervise the election process, but the problem of money politics has not been resolved until now. The type of research used by the author is qualitative research. With a qualitative descriptive approach to examine more deeply the understanding of Bawaslu's strategy in preventing money politics practices in general elections. The data collection technique used in this study uses observation, interview and documentation techniques. The location of this research is at the Serdang Bedagai Regency Bawaslu office located in Sei Rampah. Respondents in this study are sources who are experts in the field of study being studied, so the sources chosen are the chairman, secretary and members of the Serdang Bedagai Regency Bawaslu who are in the prevention and handling division. The results of this study indicate that Bawaslu's strategy in preventing money politics practices in the 2024 election in Serdang Bedagai Regency was declared successful and running effectively according to the expected goals. The strategy carried out by Bawaslu is to conduct socialization activities to the community about the dangers of money politics, make billboards with the slogan "Reject Money Politics" distributed in the community, create a monitoring village in Suka Jadi Village, Perbaungan District, and establish coordination with stakeholders. However, Bawaslu still experiences challenges in this supervision, namely the lack of human resources from Bawaslu itself resulting in a lack of supervision in areas that are difficult to reach, and the community does not participate enough in supervising money politics.

This study aims to determine the Effect Analysis of Commitment and Participation on Cooperative Performance with Innovation as an Intervening Variable in Cooperatives in Kab. Serdang Bedagai. This study used primary and secondary data obtained by distributing questionnaires to all actively assisted cooperatives in the Serdang Bedagai district government area, totaling 72 cooperative units. The questionnaire that was distributed online consisted of profiles of respondents and consisted of several statements that were in accordance with the variables contained in this study. The type of research used in this research is to use an associative method with a quantitative approach. Associative research was conducted to determine whether there is influence between exogenous variables and endogenous variables. The results of the study show that organizational commitment directly has a positive and significant effect on cooperative innovation in Serdang Bedagai District. Directly member participation has a positive and significant effect on cooperative innovation in Serdang Bedagai District. Directly organizational commitment has a positive and significant effect on the performance of cooperatives in Serdang Bedagai Regency. Directly member participation has a positive and significant effect on the performance of cooperatives in Serdang Bedagai Regency. Cooperative innovation directly has a positive and significant effect on the performance of cooperatives in Serdang Bedagai District. Indirectly, organizational commitment has a positive and significant effect on the performance of cooperatives in Serdang Bedagai Regency through cooperative innovation.

Indonesia is a country that has a very large water area which is a large potential resource to be utilized for national development. This condition affects the strong weak economic activities of the village. The purpose of the study is to find out how much the income of labor fishermen in Tebing Tinggi Village, Tanjung Beringin District, Serdang Bedagai Regency and to find out what factors affect the income of labor fishermen in Tebing Tinggi Village, Tanjung Beringin District, Serdang Bedagai Regency. This research was conducted in Tebing Tinggi Village, Tanjung Beringin District, Serdang Bedagai Regency, North Sumatra Province. This location was chosen intentionally (Purposive). The population in this study was 546 labor fishermen, the determination of the sample in this study used Arikunto's theory, namely if the total population was less than 100 people, then the number of samples was taken as a whole. But if the population is larger than 100 people then it can be taken 10-15% and 20-25% of the total population. The samples in this study were taken as much as 10% of the total population, so the number of samples in this study was 55 labor fishermen. Data collection techniques use primary data and secondary data, data analysis techniques in research use income analysis and multiple linear regression analysis. The results of the research on the working capital costs of labor fishermen amounted to Rp. 244,894/month, with an income of Rp. 4,128,386/month with an average of 12 trips a month of fishing. The results of multiple linear regressions that the working capital variable and the catch variable have a significant effect on the income of labor fishermen while the time variable at sea and experience variables do not have a significant effect on the income of labor fishermen in Tebing Tinggi Village, Tanjung Beringin District, Serdang Bedagai Regency.

Rice holds strategic importance in the agricultural sector of North Sumatera Province. The production of rice in the region has shown fluctuations over the period of 2016 to 2021, mainly due to variations in the harvested area. To enhance rice production, it becomes imperative to focus on increasing both the extent of land under cultivation and the productivity of rice plants. The use of high-quality seeds plays a vital role in achieving agricultural success, as they contribute to improved productivity. The availability of superior seeds is closely associated with the efforts of seed production institutions, among which seed breeding centers are particularly significant. Serdang Bedagai Regency, being a major rice production center in North Sumatera, also serves as a hub for rice seed breeding activities. However, recent years have witnessed a decline in the number of rice seed breeders and the production of labeled rice seeds in this region. This decline can be attributed to inefficient utilization of production factors. Consequently, there is a pressing need to address this issue and improve production efficiency through a comprehensive analysis of rice seed breeders' performance in Serdang Bedagai Regency, North Sumatera Province. The primary objectives of this study are to examine the influence of various production factors, including land area, seeds, labor, fertilizer, and pesticides, on the production of rice seed breeders and to assess the levels of technical, allocative, and economic efficiency achieved by these breeders in Serdang Bedagai Regency. The research employs cross-sectional data from a sample of 50 farmers and applies the stochastic frontier production function as well as efficiency analysis techniques, including technical efficiency, allocative efficiency, and economic efficiency. The findings of this study reveal that both land area and seed usage significantly and positively impact the production of rice seed breeders. Conversely, the factors of labor, fertilizer, and pesticides demonstrate a non-significant negative influence on rice seed production in Serdang Bedagai Regency, North Sumatera Province. Moreover, the efficiency levels of rice seed breeding in this region have not reached their highest potential and require further improvement. Keywords: Technical Efficiency, Allocative Efficiency, Economic Efficiency, Rice Seed Breeders, Stochastic Frontier

The purpose of this study is to analysis into the impact of job involvement and attitude on the performance of Serba Jadi Camat Office personnel in Serdang Bedagai Regency, North Sumatra, in both a partial and simultaneous manner. The participants in this study were 35 Serba Jadi Camat Office personnel from the Serdang Bedagai Regency in North Sumatra. Observation and questionnaires were used to obtain data. Job involvement had a positive and significant effect on the performance of Serba Jadi Sub-District Office personnel in Serdang Bedagai Regency, North Sumatra, according to the findings. Serba Jadi Sub-District Office staff in Serdang Bedagai Regency, North Sumatra, have a favorable and significant effect on their performance. Employees of the Serba Jadi Sub-District Office in the Serdang Bedagai Regency, North Sumatra, have a positive and significant effect on their performance. Work involvement and work attitude account for 54.0 percent of employee performance, with the remaining 46.0 percent explained by characteristics not investigated in this study.

The purpose of this study is to provide an overview of the implementation of the Village Fund in Deli Muda Hulu Village, Perbaungan District, Serdang Bedagai Regency, as well as the supporting and inhibiting factors that affect the implementation and strategies that must be carried out in the context of successful policy implementation. in the management of the Village Fund. The method used in this study is a qualitative descriptive method, where the main instrument in the study is the researcher himself. In this study, the authors also used survey research to obtain primary data on village fund policies in Deli Muda Hulu Village, Perbaungan District, Serdang Bedagai Regency. The results showed that the implementation of the Village Fund (DD) policy in Deli Muda Hulu Village, Perbaungan District, Serdang Bedagai Regency went quite smoothly. However, when it comes to achieving goals, the implementation of the Village Fund (DD) in Deli Muda Hulu Village, Perbaungan District, Serdang Bedagai Regency is not yet optimal. Although the goal of improving governance, development and community administration has been carried out optimally, the aim of increasing the capacity of community institutions in the village in planning, implementing and controlling development has not been optimal. Likewise, the goal of increasing community self- help participation has not been optimal. Several factors that influence the implementation of the Village Fund (DD) in Deli Muda Hulu Village, Perbaungan District, Serdang Bedagai Regency are communication, resource capabilities, attitude of implementers, bureaucratic structure, environment and policy size and objectives.

Optimal conditions for beginning reading in grade I students are achieved when they have the ability to recognize letters, words, syllables and sentences, and are able to read fluently. However, the situation at SDN 20 Kurao Pagang shows that some grade I students experience difficulties in beginning reading. This study aims to analyze the factors inhibiting the ability to read beginning in grade I students of SDN Kurao Pagang, Nanggalo District, Padang City, in the 2022/2023 academic year, and describe alternative solutions to overcome these problems. The research method used was qualitative with a case study design. Data collection techniques involved observation, interviews, tests and documentation. The results showed that the factors inhibiting beginning reading in 8 grade I students of SDN 20 Kurao Pagang involved intellectual aspects, family environment, teaching methods at school, motivation from parents and self, student interest, student health, and online learning. Alternative solutions involved using appropriate learning methods, a variety of learning media, and special attention to students' needs. The conclusion from the results and discussion shows that the factors that hinder beginning reading include various aspects, and alternative solutions need to be implemented, such as the use of more diverse learning methods and media, as well as special attention to each student.