Analysis of survivorship after total hip arthroplasty using a ceramic head.

Abstract

To determine the clinical efficacy of an alumina ceramic head, 119 cemented total hip arthroplasties in 97 patients using an alumina head coupled with ethylene oxide gas sterilized polyethylene were reviewed. Eighty-two patients (101 hips) with greater than 10 years followup were evaluated clinically and radiographically (range, 10-17.6 years), and 97 patients (119 hips) were evaluated for survivorship analysis (range, 0.6-17.6 years). The average functional hip scores according to Merle d'Aubigné and Postel improved from 8.6 preoperatively to 15.0 at the final followup, and 57 patients (64 hips) had no pain. The average polyethylene wear rate was 0.15 mm/year (range, 0.04-0.34 mm/year). Patients with polyethylene wear greater than 3 mm showed significantly higher rates of acetabular loosening. Fifteen-year survival rates (with 95% confidence intervals) with radiographic evidence of aseptic loosening as the end point were 46.8% +/- 13.4% in acetabular components and 91.9% +/- 6.6% in femoral components. Fifteen-year survival rates of hip arthroplasties with revision because of aseptic loosening as the end point were 75.3% +/- 10.2% and 97.9% +/- 3.0%, respectively. Results of the current study suggest that using an alumina head instead of a metal head may not be beneficial when coupled with ethylene oxide gas sterilized polyethylene.