Abstract
The article presented the issue of securing semi-trailer trucks and trailers during their transport using intermodal railway wagons as a part of combined transport. This issue was analysed in different operational conditions related to loading level, cross-winds influence, inertia forces due to the emergency braking, and track curvature. According to general rules of loading and securing cargo, described in the internal and UIC regulations, the transported load should be positioned and secured with minimised risk of undesirable displacement or rolling over during transport. Basic analysis showed that adverse conditions such as strong winds or emergency braking may require adequate additional cargo protection. The lack thereof may result in a severe accident or damage to the transported vehicle or the nearby structures. The presented results for generic road and railway freight vehicles showed that the required anti-rollover torque for a semi-trailer mounted on the railway wagon platform may differ considerably (almost four times at the same maximum tested airflow speed) depending on the conditions related to aerodynamic and inertia influence. The potential weaknesses of the analysis relate to the impracticality of experimental tests for roll-over (or derailment) events under high levels of cross-wind, due to economic and safety reasons. The analysis can be extended in the future by including unsteady aerodynamic forces and a full-vehicle model based on the multi-body method for a specific design solution.
Highlights
Intermodal transport plays an increasingly important role in both the global and European freight transport markets
Safety reports show that dangerous incidents and accidents sometimes occur due to insufficient cargo securing on intermodal wagons [8]
DiTshceuasrstiioclne discussed the selected safety measures related to the transport of semitrailerTthruecaksrtaicnldetrdaiislecrussusseindgtahneinsteelremctoeddal sraaiflewtyaymweaagsounrferosmrethlaetpeodinttootfhveiewtraonf sport o tvsreaacliuulreeisrnogtfraqurucoakasdsi-vsateanhtdiiccleitnrttaoeirtlahecertsiwounagssoibnnegtpwlaaetnefonritmnhte.eBrroamasedodvdoeanhlitchrlaeeimalwnadtahtyehmewawtaiacggaool nmnpofdlraeotlfmso,rsmethlewecteeprdeoint of sdeectuerrminingeda froorasdpevciefihc iccolnedtiotiotnhseanwdasgaofentypclraittefroiarmwe. rBeagsiveedn.oTnhtehseecmritaertihaecmanabtiecal mod lected values of quasi-static interactions between the road vehicle and the wagon p were determined for specific conditions and safety criteria were given
Summary
Intermodal transport plays an increasingly important role in both the global and European freight transport markets. Among the most widespread and frequently transported intermodal transport units are large containers, swap bodies and, to some extent, semi-trailer trucks. This type of cargo is usually transported on railroad wagon platforms equipped with standard ISO container pins or specialised lashing systems integrated into the wagon structure. Some of the intermodal carriages systems found on the European market for the transport of semi-trailers or semi-trailer trucks include, e.g., Cargobeamer, Modalohr, Megaswing, Flexiwaggon, Sdggmrss/MAZ80800, WAT car, and others [5,6,7]. Another incident happened the year, under circumstances very similar to the previous circumstances (strong wind and empty trailer). AAnnootthheerrrreeaassoonn rreellaatteess ttooththeeatattetmempptststotocrecraeteatienninonvoavtiavteivweawgoangsofnosr fcoormcboimnebdinreadilrraoila-drotardantrsapnosrpt ourstinugsinsegmsie-mtrai-itlrearislearnsdansedmsei-mtrai-itlrearilterrutcrkusc[k6s,7[,61,17,]1. 1T]h. eTsheewseawgoangsonasrearineintetnenddededtotofafacciliiltiatateteththeeloloaaddiinnggaanndduunnllooaaddiinngg ooff rrooaadd vveehhiicclleess bbyynnoottrreeqquuiirriinnggaadddditiitoionnaal l eexxtteerrnnaallloloaaddininggeeqquuipipmmeennt.t
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