Abstract
It is an ideal area of research to examine related indicators to anticipate relative tectonic activities, where there is a broad range of geological formations with elements of different sedimentary rocks. This study includes assessing and evaluating the relative tectonic activities within the Sargalu area by using a morphometric approach, which involved the use of different indices that can explain and help understanding the geometry, development level, lithology, and structural disturbance on a sub-basinal level. The research was accomplished by using ArcGIS 10.5 hydrology tools to design the drainage system of each studied stream. The Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission Radiometer (ASTER) satellite imagery data and the Digital Elevation Model (DEM 90m) were used. Moreover, Global Mapper and Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) were applied. DEM datasets of ASTER were used for watershed delineation. Also, 14 sub-basins were delineated in the Sargalu area. Morphometric indices used include Shape Related Indices, such as Rc, Bs, Rf, Ls, Re, T, and Af. Basin asymmetry factor (Af) and several geomorphic indices were also utilized. Based on the shape related indices (Rc, Rf, Re, Ls, and Cc), the results were found to be similar and, for most sub-basins, had an elongated nature. The elongated basins are connected with tectonically active areas, while the circulated basins are connected with the tectonically undisturbed environment.
Highlights
General geomorphometry is the calculation and investigation of the characteristics of landform which can be applied to any sort of rough continuous surfaces [1]
Such factors result in landform diversity in a place of natural things separating the surface of the earth. as such factors impact the definition of the conditions of boundaries for the methods operative in fields of pedology, ecology, hydrology, geomorphology, and several others [6, 7]
These results of the process will begin to a watershed boundary polygon from the flow direction raster data
Summary
General geomorphometry is the calculation and investigation of the characteristics of landform which can be applied to any sort of rough continuous surfaces [1]. The names of the anticlines are based on [19], while the names of the thrust sheets are based on [20] Morphometric features such as aerial, linear, and relief aspects, along with a number of geomorphic parameters, were collected using satellite digital images and supporting data. This approach was adopted due to the fact that the manual extraction of networks and assigning the stream order from the published topography map of Iraq and geo-referenced satellite data for a large area is a time consuming exercise.
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