Analysis of modern astrometric catalogues in the Gaia era

Abstract

ABSTRACT We investigate the systems of proper motions of stars in the ground-based catalogues HSOY, UCAC5, GPS1, and PMA derived by combining with the Gaia DR1 space data. Assuming the systematic differences of stellar proper motions of two catalogues to be caused by the mutual solid-body rotation and glide of the coordinate systems produced by the data of the catalogues under comparison, we analyse the components of the mutual rotation vector and displacement of the origins of these systems. The equatorial components of the vector of mutual rotation velocity of the compared coordinate systems, as well as velocities of the mutual displacement of their origins, vary within the range from 0.2 to 2.9 mas yr−1, were derived from a comparison of proper motions of the sources that are common for Gaia EDR3 and the TGAS, UCAC5, HSOY, GPS1, and PMA catalogues, respectively. The systematic errors of proper motions of stars in the HSOY, GPS1, PMA, and Gaia EDR3 catalogues in the range of faint stellar magnitudes were estimated by analysing the formal proper motions of extragalactic objects contained in these catalogues. The coordinate system realized by the Gaia EDR3 data at the level of <0.1 mas yr−1 is shown to have no rotation and glide relative to the LQAC-5, ALLWISEAGN, Milliquas extragalactis sources within the range from 15 to 21 stellar G mag. Among the ground-based catalogues, the system of proper motions of the PMA stars, which is independent of the Gaia EDR3 data, is the closest to the Gaia EDR3 system of proper motions in G magnitude range from 15 to 21 and UCAC5 is closer to Gaia EDR3 system than PMA in the 10–15 mag range.