Abstract
The internal reflux effect on dialysis through the retentate phase of a parallel-flow rectangular module is investigated. Theoretical analysis of mass transfer in the membrane devices with or without recycling is analogous to heat transfer in heat exchangers. In contrast to a device without reflux, considerable mass transfer is achievable if parallel-flow dialyzers are operated with reflux, which provides an increase in fluid velocity, resulting in a reduction in mass-transfer resistance. It is concluded that reflux can enhance mass transfer, especially for large flow rate and feed-concentration operated under high reflux ratio.
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