Analysis of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infections Among Voluntary Blood Donors in Foshan from 2001 to 2013

Abstract

Objective To investigate the human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) infections among voluntary unpaid blood donors in Foshan,in order to provide references for improvement of appropriate strategies to ensure blood safety in Foshan.Methods From January 2001 to December 2013,a total of 538 107 voluntary unpaid blood donors in Foshan Blood Stations were collected into this study.The blood samples of voluntary blood donors were tested for HIV.The variation trend of HIV infection rates,the dectetion of HIV infection and the epidemiological data on HIV infector were analyzed.Blood samples were screened by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and confirmed by Western blotting (WB) method.Results ① The HIV infection rates of voluntary unpaid blood donors in Foshan from 2001 to 2013 were 7.02,3.23,6.17,6.83,3.94,17.86,16.38,17.51,5.11,14.39,18.27,12.56,21.74 per 100 000.Total HIV infectors were 70 cases,and total HIV infection rate was 13.01 per 100 000.As a whole,HIV infection rate was increasing year by year (x2 trend=8.03,P＜0.05).HIV infection rate was increased from 7.02 per 100 000 in 2001 to 21.74 per 100 000 in 2013,and the amplitude was 209.69％.HIV infection rate in Foshan was significantly higher than those in Zhejiang and Hainan (P＜0.05),and was close to that in Zhengzhou (P＞0.05),but significantly lower than those in Guangzhou and Shenzhen (P＜0.05).② The screened positive blood samples were 1 346 in 538 107,and the screened positive rate was 0.25％.The confirmed positive samples were 70 cases,and the confirmed positive rate was 13.01 per 100 000.The confirmed positive coincidence rate was 5.20％.The confirmed uncertainty samples were 14 cases,and 6 cases didn't turn positive in follow-up.③ Most of the bands in WB were gp160,gp120,gp41,p66,p51,p31,p24,and the frequency of occurrence were above 90％.The frequency of occurrence of p17 and p55 bands were lower,p39 band was the rarest.Most blood samples occurred more than 8 bands in WB,accounted for 84.3％ (59/70).④ Above 80％ of comfirmed positive blood samples had high S/CO value (S/CO value≥10.00) in ELISA.Less than 10％ of the blood samples had medium or low S/CO value (1.00≤S/CO value＜6.00,6.00≤S/CO value＜10.00).⑤ 85.71％ (60/70) of the HIV infectors were male.75.71％ (53/70) were between ages of 21 to 41.72.86％ (51/70) occupations were migrant workers,company employee and service industry practitioners.82.86％ (58/70) had low-levels of education under college.55.71％ (39/70) were unmarried.84.29％ (59/70) were non-indigenous.82.86％ (58/70) risk experience history were sexual contact,and 81.43％ (57/70) infections were sexual transmitted.Most HIV infectors were infected by hepatitis C virus (HCV) and syphilis,the infection rates were both 12.86％,and significantly higher than the combined infection rate of hepatitis B virus (HBV) (1.43％,x2=6.89,P＜0.05) and the average (HCV:0.38％,x2 =286.59,P＜0.05; syphilis:0.42％,x2=257.88,P＜0.05).78.57％ (55/70) were primary blood donors.Conclusions Under the new situation of HIV infection among voluntary blood donors,the risk of HIV infection by blood transfusion in Foshan was increasing year by year.In order to control HIV transmission via blood tranafusion and ensure blood safety,health education for voluntary blood donation should be strengthened,stable low-risk blood donation team should be established,and more accurate and effective screening technology should be used to improve the sensitivity of HIV tests. Key words: Blood donors; Volunteers; Human immunodeficiency virus; Infection