Abstract
Yellow (stripe) rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis Westend. (Pst), is a major disease of cereals worldwide. We studied Pst virulence phenotypes on Triticum aestivum, Triticum durum, and triticale in three geographically distant regions of the European part of Russia (Dagestan and Krasnodar in North Caucasus, and Northwest) with different climate and environmental conditions. Based on the set of twenty differential lines, a relatively high level of population diversity was determined with 67 different Pst pathotypes identified among 141 isolates. Only seven pathotypes were shared by at least two hosts or occurred in the different regions. No significant differentiation was found between regional Pst collections of pathotypes either from T. aestivum or from T. durum. A set of Pst pathotypes from triticale was subdivided into two groups. One of them was indistinguishable from most durum and common wheat pathotypes, whereas the second group differed greatly from all other pathotypes. All sampled Pst isolates were avirulent on lines with Yr5, Yr10, Yr15, and Yr24 genes. Significant variation in virulence frequency among all Pst collections was observed on lines containing Yr1, Yr3, Yr17, Yr27, and YrSp genes and cvs Strubes Dickkopf, Carstens V, and Nord Desprez. Relationships between Russian regional collections of Pst from wheat did not conform to those for P. triticina.
Highlights
Yellow rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis Westend. (Pst), is a major disease of cereals worldwide
141 Pst isolates collected in geographically distant regions of Russia from common and durum wheat and triticale were tested
The single isolate sampled from triticale in Dagestan as well as some other groups of isolates with limited sample sizes were included only for the comparison of virulence phenotypes, and were not considered as representative samples of the corresponding populations
Summary
Yellow (stripe) rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis Westend. (Pst), is a major disease of cereals worldwide. Hovmøller et al [6], based on microsatellite genotyping, revealed that Warrior and Kranich races originated from sexually recombining populations in the center of diversity of the yellow rust fungus in the near-Himalayan region of Asia. Identifying races in Pst populations and monitoring distribution and frequency changes of virulences toward Yr genes are essential for the effective control of yellow rust [14] and important for selecting resistant cultivars for growing in specific geographic regions and for developing new cultivars with high durable resistance against the pathogen. The objectives were to (i) assess the virulence variability and race composition of Pst isolates infecting common and durum wheat and triticale in distant Russian locations, and (ii) compare the pathogen structure in different host-specific and regional populations
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