Abstract
To comprehend the dust pollution characteristics of the respiratory risk zone (RRZ) in the roadway, experiments and numerical simulations were conducted to investigate the effects of ventilation parameters (Air supply vent-to-dust source horizontal distance (Ls), Supply air velocity (Vs), Exhaust-to-supply air volume ratio (Rv)), and the dust emission time (Te) on the behavior, number, and percentage of dust particle parcels within the RRZ. Regression forest models were also constructed for the number and percentage of particle parcels. The results show that, as Te increases, the number of total particle parcels in the RRZ under different ventilation parameters initially experiences rapid growth, followed by a gradual decrease in the growth rate until the number reaches saturation. The Hill function effectively describes this pattern. Moreover, the percentage of delicate dust parcels (PM1, PM7, and PM10) exhibites the same trend as Te increases. Random forest analysis reveals that the order of factor importance affecting the percentage of delicate dust parcels in the RRZ is Ls > Vs > Rv > Te. Additionally, affecting the number of total particle parcels in the RRZ is Ls > Rv > Te > Vs. The research can provide a theoretical basis for targeted dust reduction.
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