Abstract
The setting of standards is a critical process in educational evaluation, but it is time-consuming and expensive because it is generally conducted by an education experts group. The purpose of this paper is to find a suitable cluster validity index that considers the futures of item response data for setting cut-off scores. In this study, nine representative cluster validity indexes were used to evaluate the clustering results. Cohen’s kappa coefficient is used to check the conformity between a set cut-off score using four clustering techniques and a cut-off score set by experts. We compared the cut-off scores by each cluster validity index and by a group of experts. The experimental results show that the entropy-based method considers the features of item response data, so it has a realistic possibility of applying a clustering evaluation method to the setting of standards in criterion referenced evaluation.
Highlights
The purpose of academic evaluation is to communicate the level of academic achievement that a student has reached to the student, parents, and other teachers so that informed decisions can be made about the student’s future [1]
To compare the cut-off scores drawn by the clustering evaluation methods and the cut-off scores set by the experts group, consistency was measured using Cohen’s kappa coefficients
Three clustering evaluation methods were used, and the item response data collected from three ICT literacy ability tests were analyzed
Summary
The purpose of academic evaluation is to communicate the level of academic achievement that a student has reached to the student, parents, and other teachers so that informed decisions can be made about the student’s future [1]. For this reason, the evaluation of academic achievement should be as valid as possible. There are considerable advantages and disadvantages to each evaluation depending on the intended purpose of the evaluation In this respect, it is reasonable that academic achievement be conducted by a criterion referenced evaluation to judge whether students have achieved the expected learning outcomes related to educational objectives and goals. It is necessary for test standards to be realistic in order for them to be accepted by all stakeholders
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