Abstract
Demand is soaring for data centers with advanced data-processing capabilities. In data centers with high-temperature information technology (IT) equipment, enormous cooling systems are operated year-round. To date, studies have aimed to improve the cooling efficiency of server-room units, but cooling-energy-consumption analysis considering the recirculation of exhaust air (EA) has not been researched to a sufficient degree. This study analyzed the cooling-energy saving effects considering the EA-recirculation and supply-air (SA)-temperature conditions when direct and indirect air-side economizers were applied to a data center in Korea. Thirteen case studies were conducted. The results showed that when the EA-recirculation ratio in the direct air-side economizer was 15%, its annual cooling-energy consumption increased by approximately 6.1% compared to the case with no recirculation. The indirect air-side economizer also exhibited an approximately 9% increase in cooling-energy consumption. On the other hand, when the SA temperature changed to 22 °C, the annual cooling-energy consumption of the direct and indirect air-side economizers decreased by approximately 67% and 55%, respectively, compared to a central chilled-water system. This indicates the importance of developing measures to prevent EA recirculation and of securing a wind path for the improvement of air-conditioning efficiency in data centers at the design stage.
Highlights
Demand is soaring for data centers with advanced data-processing capabilities, owing to the rapid advancement of the information technology (IT) industry [1,2]
The recirculation ratio was set to 5%, 10%, and 15% by taking advantage of the fact that the exhaust air (EA) and outdoor air (OA) grills of the data center are generally installed on the same side of the building
When the direct air‐side economizer is operated, the control is simple when the mixing ratio is calculated by section, but there are areas where the SA condition that passes through the mixing chamber fails to meet the ASHRAE
Summary
Demand is soaring for data centers with advanced data-processing capabilities, owing to the rapid advancement of the information technology (IT) industry [1,2]. Studies have been actively conducted on cooling systems that can improve heat-source efficiency by introducing air-side economizers to reduce the cooling energy consumed by data centers [7,8,9,10,11,12]. Many studies have been conducted on the improvement in cooling efficiency in the server-room unit, but analysis of cooling-energy consumption by considering the recirculation of exhaust air (EA) according to the shape of the data-center building has not been adequately researched. Thislowering means the cooling-energyeffect consumption of the same heat-source system cantoto be reduced loweringthat thecooling‐load‐reduction cooling‐load‐reduction effect air‐sideeconomizers This means consider the effectsof ofrecirculating recirculating airdischarged dischargedtoto theoutside outsidewhen whenthe the changes cooling‐energy consider effects air the inincooling‐energy by improving thethe cooling efficiency, increasing the temperature ofchanges the supply air (SA) delivered to consumption withthe the applicationthe anair‐side air‐sideeconomizer economizer areanalyzed. (SA)delivered delivered by theserver room.This studycalculated calculatedthe thecooling‐energy cooling‐energyconsumption consumptionofofananexisting existingdata datacenter center totothe
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