Abstract
The field of Non-Road Mobile Machineries (NRMM) is now more than ever considering the adoption of electric systems to reduce the amount of pollutant emissions per unit of work. However, the intensity and complexity of the tasks performed by a working machine during its life is an obstacle to the widespread adoption of electric systems. Specific design solutions are required to properly split the power output of the hybrid powertrain among the different loads (wheel, power take off, hydraulic tools, etc.). In this work, a performance analysis between a traditional agricultural tractor and a proposed hybrid electric architecture of the same vehicle is shown. The comparison was performed on a set of tasks characterized on a real orchard tractor which were used to build the input signals of two different numerical models: one for the traditional diesel architecture and the other for the hybrid electric solution. The two models were tested with the same operating tasks to have a one to one comparison of the two architectures. Peak power capabilities of the hybrid solution and performance of the Load Observer energy management strategy were investigated to validate the feasibility of the proposed solution.
Highlights
The electrification process that is involving all the transportation field is a trend deriving from the need for a lower impact on air quality, especially in the production of CO2, NOx, and particulate matter [1,2,3,4]
Non-Road Mobile Machineries (NRMM) have been equipped with high power diesel engines known for their robustness and reliability when subjected to heavy duty tasks in harsh environments
The comparison allowed validating the dynamic behavior of the numerical vehicle model as well as the process to simulate the Power Take Off (PTO) loads
Summary
The electrification process that is involving all the transportation field is a trend deriving from the need for a lower impact on air quality, especially in the production of CO2 , NOx , and particulate matter [1,2,3,4]. Industrial heavy-duty vehicles, especially in agriculture, construction, and handling, combine the type of pollutant production of transports, due to the use of the same propulsion units, with the massive quantities usually related to industrial processes and their power demanding tasks. For this reason, in the last decade, strict regulations were progressively applied to the Non-Road Mobile Machineries (NRMMs) [7,8,9,10,11] to push manufacturers towards the design of machines with the lowest possible environmental impact. This propulsion system is a mature technology both from the performance and manufacturing point of view which translates in a very attractive value of the ratio between performance (power output) and Total
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