Analysis and design of fractal antenna for efficient communication network in vehicular model

Abstract

Vehicular communication plays a dominant role in providing better safety and security with high rate of data communication in next generation networking infrastructure, and one of the prominent areas for research as well. As the growth in vehicular communication has seen a prominent improvement in vehicle to vehicle communication, vehicle to infrastructure and vehicular to pedestrian communication, to establish a proper communication there is an immediate need of antennas which serves the purpose. This article reveals a comprehensive review and design of vehicular communication antenna and its impact with the help efficient archives for efficient solutions for providing better communication between the devices connected. As the technology is advancing towards higher frequencies, in-turn demands a better performing antenna which provides more energy-efficient networking for smart vehicular communication environments. We have provided a design of antenna which could be used for frequencies ranging from 10GHz to 15GHz, and the performance of the antenna measured in the form of Return losses, Voltage Standing Wave Ratio, and Gain. Three different substrate materials are used in the paper to test and provide a better solution, which are FR4_epoxy, Rogers RT/Duroid 5880tm, and Rogers RO4003. Eventually, the design made ready with altering/recessed ground, and its impact on the performance of the antenna for all the three different substrates is depicted which could be used for vehicle networks. The size of the patch selected as 40mm X 30 mm with an impedance of 50Ω and a lumped port is used to provide the feed.