ANALYSIS AND ASSESSMENT OF THE LEVEL OF ATMOSPHERIC AIR POLLUTION IN ZAPORIZHZHYA

Abstract

One of the regions of Ukraine, which is subject to significant man-made impacts on the atmospheric air, is the city of Zaporizhzhya. The paper presents the results of assessing the quality of atmospheric air based on the calculation of the air pollution index and the integrated air pollution index of the city of Zaporizhzhya. For the assessment, the data of long-term observations at the stationary posts of the city for 2016—2020 were used for the main pollutants. A list of the main pollutants (formaldehyde, dust, carbon monoxide, phenol, nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide) and the contribution of each of them to the general level of atmospheric pollution has been determined.
 The calculations of air pollution indices were carried out for the average daily concentrations of substances for each observation post in Zaporizhzhya for the study period 2016—2020. The calculation of the air pollution indices for the posts was carried out for all concentrations of the investigated substances, except for hydrogen sulfide due to the lack of data for it. The highest values of the indices are observed in 2017 and 2019, the lowest — in 2020. Over the past year, there has been a tendency towards a slight decrease in the level of air pollution by pollutants. The highest values of indices exceeding 1 are noted for substances such as dust, nitrogen dioxide, nitrogen oxide, phenol and formaldehyde.
 Calculations of the integrated index of atmospheric pollution at posts showed their heterogeneity, the list of measured substances is not unified for all posts. Formaldehyde, nitrogen oxides, phenol and dust make the largest contribution to the formation of the integrated air pollution index. Environmental monitoring in the city of Zaporizhzhya does not include measurements of hazardous toxicants, the presence of which is typical for large cities.
 The highest level of the integrated air pollution index is observed at the posts located in the zone of influence of the main industrial site, and reaches values of 5,4—9,8, which corresponds to a high level. In other areas of the city, where there is industrial potential, observations are not carried out; it is impossible to assess the level of air quality according to the data of the hydrometeorological service.