Abstract
The exposure of the cultural landscape to tourism activities puts a lot of pressure on the common heritage of man with a possibility of the loss of the attractions to the landscape. This often happens because the necessary attention to the development of such fragile touristic sites are absent thus exposing them to stages of deterioration. This paper is a review of theoretical issues related to the development and sustainability of the cultural landscape. Through the review of literatures, previous models such as, General System Theory (Cuervo, 1967), Cultural landscape Management framework (2006), Diamond Model for sustainable tourism (2017), and The Ethical tourism model (2008), a conceptual framework for the sustainability of the cultural landscape was developed. The study, however, provides useful information for the development and conservation of a cultural landscape through a framework that can inform policy makers in the tourism industry. Keywords: Cultural Landscape; Framework; Models; Tourism Development; Sustainability. DOI: 10.7176/JTHS/59-02 Publication date: October 31 st 2021
Highlights
The interaction of man with the environment is an occurrence that has existed since the creation of man himself on earth and this has grown for centuries with man having different effects on the natural environment
4.0 Discussion of findings This study developed the cultural landscape sustainability (CLS) framework to emphasize the value of developing the cultural landscape for tourism in a sustainable way
If the conditions of the facilities put on and around the site are perceived to be ideal for tourism development, it will be a major step to the goal which is to encourage and promote responsible tourism on the site
Summary
The interaction of man with the environment is an occurrence that has existed since the creation of man himself on earth and this has grown for centuries with man having different effects on the natural environment. Giving the environment a holistic description, after examining it from different fields of profession, Isife (2017) described it as all physical, non-physical, external, living and non-living situations surrounding an organism that determine its existence, development and survival at a particular time It encompasses constantly interacting sets of physical (natural and man-made) elements and non-physical, living and non-living (social, cultural, religious, political, economic) systems, which determine the characteristic features, growth and sustainability of both the component elements of the environment and the environment itself (Johnson,1992; Muoghalu, 2004). This relationship with the environment birthed the cultural landscape which according to the United Nations Education and Socio-Cultural Organization (UNESCO) is a cultural property that represents the "combined works of nature and man". The term “cultural landscape” embraces a diversity of manifestations of the interaction between humankind and its natural environment and the environment has become a fascination to people who value it
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