Abstract
The study aims to evaluate analgesic and antipyretic activities of the methanol extract and its different fractions from root of Schoenoplectus grossus using acetic acid induced writhing and radiant heat tail flick method of pain models in mice and yeast induced pyrexia in rats at the doses of 400 and 200 mg/kg. In acetic acid writhing test, the methanol extract, petroleum ether, and carbon tetrachloride fractions produced significant (P < 0.001 and P < 0.05) inhibition of writhing responses in dose dependent manner. The methanol extract at 400 and 200 mg/kg being more protective with 54% and 45.45% of inhibition compared to diclofenac sodium of 56% followed by petroleum ether fractions of 49.69% and 39.39% at the same doses. The extracts did not produce any significant antinociceptive activity in tail flick test except standard morphine. When studied on yeast induced pyrexia, methanol and petroleum ether fractions significantly lowered the rectal temperature time dependently in a manner similar to standard drug paracetamol and distinctly more significant (P < 0.001) after second hour. These findings suggest that the root extracts of S. grossus possess significant peripherally acting analgesic potential and antipyretic property. The phytochemical screening showed the presence of flavonoids, alkaloids, and tannins.
Highlights
Various injuries and diseases are most often presented with pain and fever
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are commonly prescribed drugs for their management but significant gastrointestinal complications like perforation, bleeding, peptic ulcers, and obstructions have limited their uses in clinical settings [1, 2]
The social abuse and other side effects like psychological dependency, addiction, tolerance, sedation, constipation, and respiratory depression associated with narcotic analgesics are playing negative role in management of chronic pain and sometimes being inadequate [7]
Summary
Various injuries and diseases are most often presented with pain and fever. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are commonly prescribed drugs for their management but significant gastrointestinal complications like perforation, bleeding, peptic ulcers, and obstructions have limited their uses in clinical settings [1, 2]. Currently available pain relieving drugs are not so effective in subsiding pain, only contributing to 50% relief in about 30% of the patients in some cases which suggest dire need for effective analgesics [9] With these sorts of shortcomings and other associated problems with analgesics, search for newer drugs to treat pain and fever is going to be very essential. Actinoscirpus grossus) commonly known as Kesur in Bengali language belongs to family Cyperaceae It is commonly found in fresh-water swamps, edges of ponds, and moist places. This plant is native in Bangladesh, Nepal, India, and other Southeast Asian countries The root of this plant is used traditionally as diuretic and against various infections, burning sensitive, gonorrhea, and fever [11]. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine activity, the present study was designed to evaluate analgesic activity of methanol extract and its fractions from root of Schoenoplectus grossus (S. grossus) using two animal models of pain in mice, acetic acid induced writhing and radiant heat tail flick method, and at the same time antipyretic activity against yeast induced pyrexia in rats
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