Translate 
Chat Pdf 
Abstract
Broad and increasing interest in sustainable wastewater treatment has led a paradigm shift towards more efficient means of treatment system operation. A key aspect of improving overall sustainability is the potential for direct wastewater effluent reuse. Anaerobic membrane bioreactors (AnMBRs) have been identified as an attractive option for producing high quality and nutrient-rich effluents during the treatment of municipal wastewaters. The introduction of direct effluent reuse does, however, raise several safety concerns related to its application. Among those concerns are the microbial threats associated with pathogenic bacteria as well as the emerging issues associated with antibiotic-resistant bacteria and the potential for proliferation of antibiotic resistance genes. Although there is substantial research evaluating these topics from the perspectives of anaerobic digestion and membrane bioreactors separately, little is known regarding how AnMBR systems can contribute to pathogen and antibiotic resistance removal and propagation in wastewater effluents. The aim of this review is to provide a current assessment of existing literature on anaerobic and membrane-based treatment systems as they relate to these microbial safety issues and utilize this assessment to identify areas of potential future research to evaluate the suitability of AnMBRs for direct effluent reuse.
Highlights
Broad and increasing interest in sustainable wastewater treatment has led a paradigm shift towards more efficient means of treatment system operation
In order to evaluate this as a possibility for Anaerobic membrane bioreactors (AnMBRs) subsequent content content of subsequent of this this review review will will examine examinemicrobial microbialrisks risksreported reportedininthe theexisting existingliterature literatureonona pre-disinfection basis
Solar irradiation is able to effectively inactivate pathogens in wastewater effluents, reducing their potential for regrowth [38], a recent study showed that an E. coli strain exhibiting a stronger spectrum of antibiotic resistance required higher solar irradiation intensity to achieve the same log reduction as compared to another E. coli strain with fewer antibiotic resistance traits [39]
Summary
The anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) is a subclass of MBRs that has great potential for improving wastewater treatment process efficiency and sustainability. AnMBRs serve to consolidate and/or eliminate many of the steps in conventional wastewater treatment, including activated sludge aeration, secondary clarification, and sludge digestion (Figure 1). Such as reduction of methane loss and minimizing biofouling mechanisms, have further improved prospects of the technology for becoming a preferred treatment method [3,4]. They do allow thethe effluent without tertiary treatment [5] They allow treated treated to be for agricultural irrigation these nutrient high residual nutrient effluent effluent to be reused forreused agricultural irrigation due to thesedue highto residual concentrations. This is potentially a major treatmentfor sustainability, sustainability, introducing idea of.
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary 
Published Version (
Free)
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
