Abstract
Abstract. We present an updated and quality controlled surface mass balance (SMB) database for the Antarctic ice sheet. Importantly, the database includes formatted metadata, such as measurement technique, elevation, time covered, etc, which allows any user to filter out the data. Here, we discard data with limited spatial and temporal representativeness, too small measurement accuracy, or lack of quality control. Applied to the database, this filtering process gives four times more reliable data than when applied to previously available databases. New data with high spatial resolution are now available over long traverses, and at low elevation in some areas. However, the quality control led to a considerable reduction in the spatial density of data in several regions, particularly over West Antarctica. Over interior plateaus, where the SMB is low, the spatial density of measurements remains high. This quality controlled dataset was compared to results from ERA-Interim reanalysis to assess whether field data allow us to reconstruct an accurate description of the main SMB distribution features in Antarctica. We identified large areas where data gaps impede model validation: except for very few areas (e.g., Adelie Land), measurements in the elevation range between 200 m and 1000 m above sea level are not regularly distributed and do not allow a thorough validation of models in such regions with complex topography, where the highest scattering of SMB values is reported. Clearly, increasing the spatial density of field measurements at low elevations, in the Antarctic Peninsula and in West Antarctica is a scientific priority.
Highlights
In the context of global warming, particular attention is being paid to the mass balance of the Antarctic ice sheet (AIS) and its impact on sea level rise (e.g., Lemke et al, 2007; Shepherd et al, 2012)
This was mainly the case at the South Pole and along traverses around Lambert Glacier, in Wilkes Land and from Syowa to Dome Fuji (Table 1). This increases the number of available measurements by 1493 (Table 1)
The aim is to evaluate the accuracy of the ERA-Interim reanalysis data, and to check whether some areas are insufficiently documented in the database to allow model validation and to evaluate an accurate surface mass balance (SMB) average
Summary
In the context of global warming, particular attention is being paid to the mass balance of the Antarctic ice sheet (AIS) and its impact on sea level rise (e.g., Lemke et al, 2007; Shepherd et al, 2012). The current surface accumulation value integrated over the grounded ice sheet is generally assumed to range between 143 mm w.e. a−1 (Arthern et al, 2006) and 168 mm w.e. a−1 (Van de Berg et al, 2006) These two studies are generally considered the most reliable ones: Arthern et al (2006) computations included interpolation methods of remote sensed passive microwave data to accurately fit the observed SMB from the V99 database (Monaghan et al, 2006), and Van de Berg et al (2006) calibrated model results.
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