An Overview on the Prominence of Phase Change Material Based Battery Cooling and Role of Novel Composite Phase Change Material in Future Battery Thermal Management System

Abstract

AbstractElectric vehicle (EV) demand has increased, therefore the use of lithium batteries is enormous. In these circumstances, huge heat is also produced from the battery cell. Battery cells are highly susceptible to repeated changes in temperature and battery life is also affected, which is the reason why it is essential to improve efficient thermal management systems for batteries to enhance heat dissipation rate from battery cells. So far several researchers have been working on different Battery Thermal Management Systems (BTMS) to satisfy constraints like rapid charging speeds, high voltage stream, and better efficiency. Such rapid adjustments in the battery had to be closely controlled and managed to prevent thermal and safety-related issues. Active and Passive thermal management is engaged in the battery module to limit the peak battery temperature and peak temperature difference. Phase Change Material (PCM) is employed to dissipate the heat produced in the Passive Thermal Management category, which has a superiority over Active Thermal Management with no power consumption, high heat dissipation density, and isothermal heat transfer. Despite these advances, PCM alone in BTMS is not still easy. The main challenge is to cope up with the low thermal conductance behavior of PCMs. To address this challenge, various high thermal conductive materials are incorporated with PCM. In this chapter, thermal conductivity enhancers are mentioned along with their impact on the performance or efficiency of BTMS.KeywordsBattery thermal management system (BTMS)Phase change material (PCM)Thermal conductivity enhancerMaximum temperature of battery cellComposite phase change material (CPCM)